tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-79911057679048606632024-03-14T15:59:23.350+05:30Tech BellsV!ralhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03159569525095358102noreply@blogger.comBlogger55125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-48418105155029608462015-08-01T16:49:00.000+05:302015-08-01T20:06:16.897+05:30How to install Windows 10 Manually<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Windows 10 is finally here and it is the best version of operating system. It has combination of good things of Windows 7 and Windows 8. I know you cant wait any more go get window 10 and automatic update is taking time to update your copy of windows.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">So here is how you can update Windows 10 manually. Yes manually!, without waiting for Windows 10 app to update it automatically.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Windows 10 is free for anyone running the latest version of <b>Windows 7</b>, <b>Windows 8</b> and <span class="" data-shortcode="no-autolink" id="shortcode1"><b>Windows 8.1</b></span> on their laptop, desktop or tablet computer</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">If you want to see the requirements for windows 10 and any other questions then you should visit <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10-faq?ocid=win10_auxapp_AnswerDesk_win10faq" target="_blank">Windows 10 FAQ</a> page.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">If you want to download Windows 10 manually then go to <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10" target="_blank">Windows 10</a> page.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">If you want to download the tool directly then click on the links given below.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=616935" target="_blank">Windows 10 download tool for 32 bit</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=616936" target="_blank">Windows 10 download tool for 64 bit</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Open the tool after downloading it.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After opening it, you will see the screen like below.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjqvOKT2GFpLqr4Zj3Td4tDcDiO02pDlGN2o1QbWrpnyzY1Xk11giSHEjpxuRdlvYU-RdlyyVlTX7Vtar9LsUIw2NfjJzuPGnzynfu-NX3Oq8Dl5SFe67X1mLZIoaIRHSjdRaQwHNKvAfX/s1600/windows+10+-+1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How to install Windows 10 manually." border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjqvOKT2GFpLqr4Zj3Td4tDcDiO02pDlGN2o1QbWrpnyzY1Xk11giSHEjpxuRdlvYU-RdlyyVlTX7Vtar9LsUIw2NfjJzuPGnzynfu-NX3Oq8Dl5SFe67X1mLZIoaIRHSjdRaQwHNKvAfX/s400/windows+10+-+1.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Select 'Upgrade this PC now' if you want to update your PC or select 'Create installation media for another PC' if you want to make bootable USB flash drive or DVD.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Click on next after selecting the option. After clicking on next, you will see the screen like below and Windows 10 will start downloading.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLZ3lwu1uRXN1Ap82zcgOyuXbh1WLI4Ctv6f6sJQdd1zJaPCI06NLeeQ6mb96Cahu9X4Oh3HYBCEQtE9lEBBoRD6jSonUUGe3KHKALK9akeCU7OdeoEDpCpUDlc6AJnXIvkb0ISbtwx1Q4/s1600/windows+10+-+2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How to install Windows 10 without waiting" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLZ3lwu1uRXN1Ap82zcgOyuXbh1WLI4Ctv6f6sJQdd1zJaPCI06NLeeQ6mb96Cahu9X4Oh3HYBCEQtE9lEBBoRD6jSonUUGe3KHKALK9akeCU7OdeoEDpCpUDlc6AJnXIvkb0ISbtwx1Q4/s400/windows+10+-+2.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After completion of download, it will start verifying the download.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN4S77-oPpmuVLzB1kSEKYmtjOEUv3gVIS1GJBWbLgqW54gogDO5uY6EwYVJvRQ-T2Z4CaHXalhRmI9k23swxbMJvMO8rcqiH02PeRI9mYY0DiKnarduSvT-pvg9fZBgfxywl1hyphenhyphenkJJGqH/s1600/windows+10+-+3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Install windows 10 without waiting for it." border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN4S77-oPpmuVLzB1kSEKYmtjOEUv3gVIS1GJBWbLgqW54gogDO5uY6EwYVJvRQ-T2Z4CaHXalhRmI9k23swxbMJvMO8rcqiH02PeRI9mYY0DiKnarduSvT-pvg9fZBgfxywl1hyphenhyphenkJJGqH/s400/windows+10+-+3.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After verifying the download, it will create media and the installer will be loaded.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgX0gc1IoPkSdIIjkp_aaJOVCLk8IHaaGUpoDEMn9mZAiYTGHq83pl85lySIDLwvacBCQb4AwI-ogO4MZ7D8JMBREG6ptca3lDePWc9RYxnifZ4NiUZF5H6CewXvS8-1SJgDahsoTF82FD/s1600/windows+10+-+5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How to install Windows 10 Manually" border="0" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgX0gc1IoPkSdIIjkp_aaJOVCLk8IHaaGUpoDEMn9mZAiYTGHq83pl85lySIDLwvacBCQb4AwI-ogO4MZ7D8JMBREG6ptca3lDePWc9RYxnifZ4NiUZF5H6CewXvS8-1SJgDahsoTF82FD/s400/windows+10+-+5.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After loading it, the installer will perform some checks.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitJKau5dcppGUAa7bowoUlJMeF0XtcXzl2hGhIxJmYKDDkhVbhrJbAmvSZ9IVZV-n8GJeZ7ojmuxbb6nc2dc_tRBEQm5jYrFaz2egVkekQZW8aw5JrXlv4YzW8-Vixyc7I-swvdUjVVjYv/s1600/windows+10+-+6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Install windows 10 from USB or DVD" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitJKau5dcppGUAa7bowoUlJMeF0XtcXzl2hGhIxJmYKDDkhVbhrJbAmvSZ9IVZV-n8GJeZ7ojmuxbb6nc2dc_tRBEQm5jYrFaz2egVkekQZW8aw5JrXlv4YzW8-Vixyc7I-swvdUjVVjYv/s400/windows+10+-+6.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After some checks and other things, you will see license agreement screen like below. Click on 'Accept' to go forward.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgglEBFHJSmDyCQ-z8jD91ba3YvGdjCLv9dmob5QJnbIm1bRm_cq_gUb9t9nn5ykHEsKFpY-obZsxbkK0bdRmjzpyeGG2pk-uMWlSPn2E-DwhM2_SzuBJec-Pc20G78mK2tziD2Z1NYMXJy/s1600/windows+10+-+8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Install Windows 10 manually" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgglEBFHJSmDyCQ-z8jD91ba3YvGdjCLv9dmob5QJnbIm1bRm_cq_gUb9t9nn5ykHEsKFpY-obZsxbkK0bdRmjzpyeGG2pk-uMWlSPn2E-DwhM2_SzuBJec-Pc20G78mK2tziD2Z1NYMXJy/s400/windows+10+-+8.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After that, you will be given choice weather you want to keep the settings and files of previous windows or not.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnT1SvXRQRAWEX58aD-iHdvEYJ7W93oKqyM_M8LTlw5KU_rnSY_JOOlqN0sXWoBVqVPE6MGUqJNnznYe8XGrgaMUfh9CVZ3AHIBWU4S7x4YV3Qfs477bZfP88ajkCCw-VRS3VELJGuCGA7/s1600/windows+10+-+13.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How to install windows 10 manually" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnT1SvXRQRAWEX58aD-iHdvEYJ7W93oKqyM_M8LTlw5KU_rnSY_JOOlqN0sXWoBVqVPE6MGUqJNnznYe8XGrgaMUfh9CVZ3AHIBWU4S7x4YV3Qfs477bZfP88ajkCCw-VRS3VELJGuCGA7/s400/windows+10+-+13.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After that it will again check for updates and download if necessary.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBEw8SbAD5R6rJLppb-SVxdgtfPmIx9WRp0WKLoNjGVZh8wlYgAT_Z7hChJboFqyuiDrJzqjrerncphml26ZjPRHqfHJa-0cP2u_noG5VpPLXA_1120xhpAyAJSxujGZdGA9mWIKauJyAg/s1600/windows+10+-+10.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Install Windows 10" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBEw8SbAD5R6rJLppb-SVxdgtfPmIx9WRp0WKLoNjGVZh8wlYgAT_Z7hChJboFqyuiDrJzqjrerncphml26ZjPRHqfHJa-0cP2u_noG5VpPLXA_1120xhpAyAJSxujGZdGA9mWIKauJyAg/s400/windows+10+-+10.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After performing some more checks, you will be shown the screen like below.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbe9XiEQj5cCWVy-t4TRJYgFsJbzUpSyvY_CTqA5boCHssmL5Qz7nxVLT9nphPdqRZZGo_PKP3Q0OHFiKpD5xsgKbvEC_wfNpcezbxreh2MHxxWH8DrZrdqlVA3FXiBlUS7w-LAAMZV-pd/s1600/windows+10+-+12.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How to install Windows 10 without waiting" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbe9XiEQj5cCWVy-t4TRJYgFsJbzUpSyvY_CTqA5boCHssmL5Qz7nxVLT9nphPdqRZZGo_PKP3Q0OHFiKpD5xsgKbvEC_wfNpcezbxreh2MHxxWH8DrZrdqlVA3FXiBlUS7w-LAAMZV-pd/s400/windows+10+-+12.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> Click on 'Install' button. After that you will be asked weather you want to keep files and settings of previous version or not.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlqjG03MuvqiTJpMhEETY4d62HUq0ivSP-5I40PL9gk4wEpoN4GjpNYOc6-dzB8psIwKfCosff-rUomy9neR9JGlObfL3tMpaEg7E7IH2Ij19I03DqftC3_kxcqSRWEBlaA4o2r0Xeyv0u/s1600/windows+10+-+13.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Install windows 10 manually" border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlqjG03MuvqiTJpMhEETY4d62HUq0ivSP-5I40PL9gk4wEpoN4GjpNYOc6-dzB8psIwKfCosff-rUomy9neR9JGlObfL3tMpaEg7E7IH2Ij19I03DqftC3_kxcqSRWEBlaA4o2r0Xeyv0u/s400/windows+10+-+13.png" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">After that installation will start and you will see screen like below.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhv5kZrXSSt67g7i4s3bEulchaAuGGwmp6cnHBQbYj2IAs3-Lf9_HO87PXuPlW_ywWHOLN6zB5EcRzfs6OTbI3OXjr7DX2vgD5sJRPRklb_yhcMCEouPjwDJvrsMFTyHmKZ9nUsqDhjEP1o/s1600/windows+10+-+15.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How to update Windows 10 automatically" border="0" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhv5kZrXSSt67g7i4s3bEulchaAuGGwmp6cnHBQbYj2IAs3-Lf9_HO87PXuPlW_ywWHOLN6zB5EcRzfs6OTbI3OXjr7DX2vgD5sJRPRklb_yhcMCEouPjwDJvrsMFTyHmKZ9nUsqDhjEP1o/s400/windows+10+-+15.jpg" title="" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The installation process will take time and the system will restart several times. Be patient till the installation gets finished.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">If you are using laptop, make sure the battery is sufficiently full or it is plugged in.</span><br />
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Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-48913966126578354732012-08-01T21:23:00.001+05:302012-08-01T21:30:39.338+05:30Working of CSP - Linear Fresnel Reflectors.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Continuing in our CSP series, we are going to understand how Linear Fresnel Reflectors work.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Before going to parabolic trough, let’s understand the principle of CSP.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdwPEX7I7NLQA_DO-t9eFEIvypIAV3_1tENYfxt3Hx7fjrwYG1OdfKtArv1obzTRiPzJuuYIy-EdfbnvOcfjgJnXdrrSYNuyFiJttkTKPAjU3z2Z44x6mLJRI2rKZdAXJG9bSpGeyZLdco/s1600/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="74" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdwPEX7I7NLQA_DO-t9eFEIvypIAV3_1tENYfxt3Hx7fjrwYG1OdfKtArv1obzTRiPzJuuYIy-EdfbnvOcfjgJnXdrrSYNuyFiJttkTKPAjU3z2Z44x6mLJRI2rKZdAXJG9bSpGeyZLdco/s320/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The receiver receives heat from sun light. This heat is gathered in oil or other heat medium which further converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine which produces electricity.</div><script type="text/javascript"><!--
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRDaBeY7vypm2cxl17x55KpWs0aDZWjzIgZnIWzjW9QYA8a9xc36uQZlhgJIuYQ9ZAhvg_L6_EjKBj0ng6GRttiQ8s9564GxuWGI5StoMCpQ2fJSsJOitNdAmQNAMFqjEABnhB_60EGl7R/s1600/CSP+-+Linear+Fresnel+Reflectors.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Linear Fresnel Reflectors" border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRDaBeY7vypm2cxl17x55KpWs0aDZWjzIgZnIWzjW9QYA8a9xc36uQZlhgJIuYQ9ZAhvg_L6_EjKBj0ng6GRttiQ8s9564GxuWGI5StoMCpQ2fJSsJOitNdAmQNAMFqjEABnhB_60EGl7R/s400/CSP+-+Linear+Fresnel+Reflectors.jpg" title="" width="400" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">As shown in the image, the reflectors which are flat are concentrated towards a pipe which is filled of oil (Heat conducting material). This pipe is a heat receiver. These reflectors track sun all the day so that they can concentrate maximum sun light towards the receiver. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This fluid heats up to 750 <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">°F. The fluid then converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine to produce electricity.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">This system is cheaper than photovoltaic cell. And it has low maintenance too!</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Here are some images of this system.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2b8QmrodMm7kuPgFzBYsB4029xuHvjSw6-XGH7NCu0LpzzcJFEDZeag1NAVinM6uzTlEs6mtCqrZ92t81HAT8KlyrW3vyfzMtSyKXY8c3iuZvX7OQX5jk_AnGI2IrewTbBpGjNPon4DPf/s1600/CSP+Linear+Fresnel+Reflectors.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Linear Fresnel Reflectors." border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2b8QmrodMm7kuPgFzBYsB4029xuHvjSw6-XGH7NCu0LpzzcJFEDZeag1NAVinM6uzTlEs6mtCqrZ92t81HAT8KlyrW3vyfzMtSyKXY8c3iuZvX7OQX5jk_AnGI2IrewTbBpGjNPon4DPf/s400/CSP+Linear+Fresnel+Reflectors.jpg" title="" width="400" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-25264778855557667862012-07-12T21:25:00.000+05:302012-07-12T21:25:28.455+05:30Working of CSP - Dish Engine.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Continuing in our CSP series, let’s understand how dish antenna works.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Before going to parabolic trough, let’s understand the principle of CSP.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzyng-zo9Kz-E3NLVlar-GaPDA4YHh3zpf0tnpVgyEt-IvSTn16XjQqKZoYmF-SYlu0T3dQW6QErP1ZfIZNrae5Aw6YEzS8-7b94o2UDJ2ycdOpcNUcg1f-G7EAMKFB1leVz6IR0kRfbu7/s1600/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Basic Principle of CSP" border="0" height="92" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzyng-zo9Kz-E3NLVlar-GaPDA4YHh3zpf0tnpVgyEt-IvSTn16XjQqKZoYmF-SYlu0T3dQW6QErP1ZfIZNrae5Aw6YEzS8-7b94o2UDJ2ycdOpcNUcg1f-G7EAMKFB1leVz6IR0kRfbu7/s400/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The receiver receives heat from sun light. This heat is gathered in oil or other heat medium which further converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine which produces electricity.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ6MYZCIkGhjE914zdb_Jn3sNHTjOA35fPTZXqx1rDnDSod5a45NIE-IiaDtOOo5bfQUlkYvKrHj86mo0xGcS1kLx2OqYR-JLNmgpEoo-VH7ciidi0tezWr3w9Q0er_mJ27Cbsb8QEZxiQ/s1600/CSP+Dish+Engine+Working+Principle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Basic Principle of CSP Dish Engine" border="0" height="328" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ6MYZCIkGhjE914zdb_Jn3sNHTjOA35fPTZXqx1rDnDSod5a45NIE-IiaDtOOo5bfQUlkYvKrHj86mo0xGcS1kLx2OqYR-JLNmgpEoo-VH7ciidi0tezWr3w9Q0er_mJ27Cbsb8QEZxiQ/s400/CSP+Dish+Engine+Working+Principle.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">Source : solareis.anl.gov</span> </td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The working of dish engine is slightly different from Parabolic Trough and Power Tower. Parabolic Trough and Power Tower used steam turbine to produce electricity whereas Dish Engine uses external combustion engine to produce electricity. The receiver situated at the focal point of the dish has external combustion engine. It has hydrogen or helium gas filled in piston cylinders. As concentrated sunlight falls on the receiver, it heats the gas in the tubes to very high temperatures, which causes hot gas to expand inside the piston cylinders. The expanding gas drives the pistons. The pistons turn a crankshaft, which drives an electric generator.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Here are some images of Dish Engine CSP. </span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfaJvgZv77xQfkh-5IYMMXvqmtJCpbh0H1zd13S1gRxmSZs_bSikzG7D2RgypivtF4dz1HR22Dmuf_ER60Boapcl-le3_1HZsN-swOseAYtBBCtqA6QGYmVSsQr8-LMAiQ1hyphenhyphen82z-PXCQL/s1600/CSP+Dish+Engine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Dish Engine." border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfaJvgZv77xQfkh-5IYMMXvqmtJCpbh0H1zd13S1gRxmSZs_bSikzG7D2RgypivtF4dz1HR22Dmuf_ER60Boapcl-le3_1HZsN-swOseAYtBBCtqA6QGYmVSsQr8-LMAiQ1hyphenhyphen82z-PXCQL/s400/CSP+Dish+Engine.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoKKSHgi9VU4REbWoGABjHPGd23pdI-TF2vYqJs7oU1luPkmKujsGXIGG3Wqwgrxf6S8Q99H1C2Y2ZUqlMpg36pNFX8fc35oAdkos9JkW0ePgjuO9KFmCa8naWMBzxrbgsqE37rynoARW5/s1600/CSP+Dish+Engine1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Dish Engine" border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoKKSHgi9VU4REbWoGABjHPGd23pdI-TF2vYqJs7oU1luPkmKujsGXIGG3Wqwgrxf6S8Q99H1C2Y2ZUqlMpg36pNFX8fc35oAdkos9JkW0ePgjuO9KFmCa8naWMBzxrbgsqE37rynoARW5/s400/CSP+Dish+Engine1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsbtUs4hnMkJuyDf1wbR7nl_cAaJJXT4DfVHZCXpjYzc4sBr8FW2inPW6bcudotIUDm7UXMYeZJgxLGItMAL2vYvp-V2tgbBZpMBVxQU0XQ-JmgqMfRiWN9NuAl15BmAwaYWjbszn2HSM4/s1600/CSP+Dish+Engine2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Dish Engine." border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsbtUs4hnMkJuyDf1wbR7nl_cAaJJXT4DfVHZCXpjYzc4sBr8FW2inPW6bcudotIUDm7UXMYeZJgxLGItMAL2vYvp-V2tgbBZpMBVxQU0XQ-JmgqMfRiWN9NuAl15BmAwaYWjbszn2HSM4/s400/CSP+Dish+Engine2.JPG" width="300" /></a></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-3642086533280047682012-07-11T19:52:00.000+05:302012-07-11T19:52:38.581+05:30Working of CSP - Power Tower<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Continuing in our CSP series, we are going to understand how power tower works.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Before going to parabolic trough, let’s understand the principle of CSP.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGivUtWGHDQ9igdSz5yh9sFzxBmZJvBZbKJJODsx8qFvoPhMZgEZB_81TCu9ED6XCI0iz_M_p-CQACWgosV6pr9emwNZLdDFP0NOtAbrTaP60OjTMukqhCMlSvydVVKIQpJxsYKih4LRma/s1600/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Basic Principle Of Concentrating Solar Power." border="0" height="92" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGivUtWGHDQ9igdSz5yh9sFzxBmZJvBZbKJJODsx8qFvoPhMZgEZB_81TCu9ED6XCI0iz_M_p-CQACWgosV6pr9emwNZLdDFP0NOtAbrTaP60OjTMukqhCMlSvydVVKIQpJxsYKih4LRma/s400/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The receiver receives heat from sun light. This heat is gathered in oil or other heat medium which further converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine which produces electricity.</span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZnP26uZ_ja8xmLgiGj3g-WIgQ98iL7iUn69G7gnMwzlmi2JaYAxNZdXtZnatyrUzu64HHq8eJth6PNQmy_i0z6Z1YlFhGKemXKWWSjPv8tykKrmOSG23hPCJ74twhweSLu_R4ZNHN44Ko/s1600/CSP+Power+Tower+Working+Principle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="296" img="Working Principle of CSP Power Tower." src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZnP26uZ_ja8xmLgiGj3g-WIgQ98iL7iUn69G7gnMwzlmi2JaYAxNZdXtZnatyrUzu64HHq8eJth6PNQmy_i0z6Z1YlFhGKemXKWWSjPv8tykKrmOSG23hPCJ74twhweSLu_R4ZNHN44Ko/s400/CSP+Power+Tower+Working+Principle.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Source : <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">solareis.anl.gov</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">As shown in the figure the reflectors which are known as heliostats reflects and focuses sun light to a tower. This tower is a heat receiver. These heliostats track sun all the day so that they can focus maximum sun light. There is a fluid in this tower such as molten salt. This fluid heats up to 565 °C. The fluid then converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine to produce electricity.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Molten salt can retain heat for long time. So it can be used to make steam when there is no sunlight or during night. That means this is advantage of CSP over photovoltaic cell which cannot produce electricity when there is no sunlight.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">This system is cheaper than photovoltaic cell. And it has low maintenance too!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Here are some images of this system.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKFOvMt_Tdd3s1ko-DqSzHUAiLv-ZEh6E0TCFP-ykHObWxdA7XspqsvtFdZaUMTgUAhkRvkUVBYwMllYBTFYWwgz03XSX5mYhPl0G9c2j_EHKlgq38tvDUSf0k4_Ilt0pTJ7rH3PmtnReb/s1600/Concentrating+Solar+Power%252C+Power+Tower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Power Tower System." border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKFOvMt_Tdd3s1ko-DqSzHUAiLv-ZEh6E0TCFP-ykHObWxdA7XspqsvtFdZaUMTgUAhkRvkUVBYwMllYBTFYWwgz03XSX5mYhPl0G9c2j_EHKlgq38tvDUSf0k4_Ilt0pTJ7rH3PmtnReb/s400/Concentrating+Solar+Power%252C+Power+Tower.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaY1cDJ8B9rklvr_2XaHwVfmcFVza5FOhWzCLkMebUsFrPJV7mPhyphenhyphen53pRm48emZdbTLR2NgnZjrG6uj5OU_uaqdQTyZ2yayesukYBSiuSrHo5dx04Dar5Z6NhGxMO8kyOc6spdLuin8d0Q/s1600/CSP+-+Power+Tower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CSP Power Tower." border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaY1cDJ8B9rklvr_2XaHwVfmcFVza5FOhWzCLkMebUsFrPJV7mPhyphenhyphen53pRm48emZdbTLR2NgnZjrG6uj5OU_uaqdQTyZ2yayesukYBSiuSrHo5dx04Dar5Z6NhGxMO8kyOc6spdLuin8d0Q/s400/CSP+-+Power+Tower.jpg" width="395" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiAk761xedPxOBEVqEcvo9kRFfT4AqAnKl0eT-qLub23fuLWFV-qZL5f2LA4JqBARLDfdivJkQJnIqea1JvsgMuoJVp5adR9tmioFB5JQKa0gg3x71VmMneXEtFmVM6OB2_MYp6MkExHeN/s1600/CSP+Power+Tower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Concentrating Solar Power - Power Tower." border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiAk761xedPxOBEVqEcvo9kRFfT4AqAnKl0eT-qLub23fuLWFV-qZL5f2LA4JqBARLDfdivJkQJnIqea1JvsgMuoJVp5adR9tmioFB5JQKa0gg3x71VmMneXEtFmVM6OB2_MYp6MkExHeN/s400/CSP+Power+Tower.jpg" width="400" /></a></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-28161870734994704062012-07-10T23:33:00.000+05:302012-08-14T16:44:28.548+05:30Working of CSP - Parabolic Trough<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">As concentrating solar power technology is developing day by day, here is an explanation how parabolic trough works.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Before going to parabolic trough, let’s understand the principle of CSP.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS2p9uFUf7HD2m-6GwifDQSUPjwTxznhQBJaBoyQjGjG7vTx7MoPvmU2eFU4OyAQXwweETo5zXDVbNhD1X63KWoL2epqM24TwiugjqLYdzsd9VfwFqJHNi6H-iEChGN0g-An7N1W8MUCI8/s1600/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Block Diagram of working of CSP." border="0" height="92" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS2p9uFUf7HD2m-6GwifDQSUPjwTxznhQBJaBoyQjGjG7vTx7MoPvmU2eFU4OyAQXwweETo5zXDVbNhD1X63KWoL2epqM24TwiugjqLYdzsd9VfwFqJHNi6H-iEChGN0g-An7N1W8MUCI8/s400/Basic+Principle+of+CSP.jpg" title="" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The receiver receives heat from sun light. This heat is gathered in oil or other heat medium which further converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine which produces electricity.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeiCOzECLVBP3NB_pug6t8uONTXCWvU1qxFj5skzaAqmyRcguMoDysAt6-QLTzaQwEaayg8SPH9wdeaw9Elb1MvWH1ZFuQxUzlDgajOYlf3V_4G1lcCGQXtT68a2t6oH1N1BjNA7mdNsdh/s1600/CSP+Parabolic+Trough.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeiCOzECLVBP3NB_pug6t8uONTXCWvU1qxFj5skzaAqmyRcguMoDysAt6-QLTzaQwEaayg8SPH9wdeaw9Elb1MvWH1ZFuQxUzlDgajOYlf3V_4G1lcCGQXtT68a2t6oH1N1BjNA7mdNsdh/s400/CSP+Parabolic+Trough.jpg" width="400" /></a> </div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">As you can see in the image the parabolic concentrator concentrates heat into the pipe which is filled with oil. These concentrators are made of mirrors. Concentrator tracks sun all the day so that they can get maximum solar energy. The oil in pipes heats up to 395°C. This oil converts water into steam. This steam is used to run steam turbine which will produce electricity.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">This system is cheaper than conventional solar system which uses photovoltaic cell which is costly. This system has very less working parts so the maintenance cost is very low. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Here are some images of parabolic trough. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUx89YtikbUA05r6pqc7kOHUjJSISV7mtTtgjVC7kwLSMdjRrR95v98sW4Li76x9KkHA_GYyvSXfmySLMwFQL7HOh0a2jLrpNqnAyk_nMBoLipfxJ6NVZ8IiPyNkn8bk5xkzG_k5cOw87Z/s1600/CSP+Parabolic+Trough3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUx89YtikbUA05r6pqc7kOHUjJSISV7mtTtgjVC7kwLSMdjRrR95v98sW4Li76x9KkHA_GYyvSXfmySLMwFQL7HOh0a2jLrpNqnAyk_nMBoLipfxJ6NVZ8IiPyNkn8bk5xkzG_k5cOw87Z/s400/CSP+Parabolic+Trough3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEPYlesc-LU5IhbSUv_1bLX6RDl6WCAtKikzALCT9nenP8I2zraO2-UQsB_YTALER0T-lHRl-MAm-aSL07hHFV5pN-kBXXv4D3wOk-6xcgNXTG5DAi0oix5bO3DIzWIa8-Oftxt-EJflEw/s1600/CSP+-++Parabolic+Trough.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEPYlesc-LU5IhbSUv_1bLX6RDl6WCAtKikzALCT9nenP8I2zraO2-UQsB_YTALER0T-lHRl-MAm-aSL07hHFV5pN-kBXXv4D3wOk-6xcgNXTG5DAi0oix5bO3DIzWIa8-Oftxt-EJflEw/s400/CSP+-++Parabolic+Trough.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDSa3K6h2AAcBFKXhyJP0ATLjShEXrYVOBThCfD9wrpy8uRnr0va0DmcqyqexkEJtZedjXSS-ZIU_IHPnPhnXx5Z_80zdNuqYFwXP8AgJcn5JxH33PxAdI2aJDn3VniZVlDeECfTOv7VhE/s1600/CSP+Parabolic+Trough2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDSa3K6h2AAcBFKXhyJP0ATLjShEXrYVOBThCfD9wrpy8uRnr0va0DmcqyqexkEJtZedjXSS-ZIU_IHPnPhnXx5Z_80zdNuqYFwXP8AgJcn5JxH33PxAdI2aJDn3VniZVlDeECfTOv7VhE/s400/CSP+Parabolic+Trough2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyfWCYbeIOtvg30WQ0HmopzgnVuRIK17eaehlt3aqPGaq9amcJ2FXyanX8_riifQiy7cT5srvdRs4pHVdSUK94tl4peiIRQDbE-PF0u-3XIDdzfz1MSq43A24_x3W8gwkWKN1Qv2LrhGPY/s1600/CSP+Parabolic+Trough1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyfWCYbeIOtvg30WQ0HmopzgnVuRIK17eaehlt3aqPGaq9amcJ2FXyanX8_riifQiy7cT5srvdRs4pHVdSUK94tl4peiIRQDbE-PF0u-3XIDdzfz1MSq43A24_x3W8gwkWKN1Qv2LrhGPY/s400/CSP+Parabolic+Trough1.jpg" width="367" /></a></div>
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</span></div>
Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-35595468377866260842012-07-09T16:46:00.002+05:302012-08-01T21:31:51.945+05:30Desertec - Concentrating Solar Power From Deserts.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Our world is going to face energy crisis. Scientists are trying to find new eco-friendly and affordable energy sources. 70% of our electricity needs are being fulfilled by natural gas, petroleum, coal and nuclear power. But these energies are not renewable and are not eco-friendly too.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Desertec foundation is an organization which wants to generate renewable energy on nonprofit basis. They are focusing on solar energy which is raining in deserts! Deserts gets most amount of solar energy in the world. Deserts cover about 2,98,00,000 square kilometers of earth that means fifth part of earth is desert. If we combine 1 year energy of all the fossil fuels, then it would be equal to only 5.7 hours of solar energy in deserts. Energy in 1 square kilometer for 1 year in desert would be equal to 15,00,000 barrel of petroleum! World’s total energy needs can be fulfilled by utilizing only 1% area of deserts. Keeping this in mind, Desertec foundation is focusing on making energy from this.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">They are using Concentrated Solar Power technology to generate electricity. This technology is cheaper than solar cell (photovoltaic cell) and has more efficiency too! This technology uses solar heat to run the steam turbine which ultimately converts it into electricity. Because of this, the technology is also known as Solar Thermal Energy. This technology has efficiency near to 30% which is almost double than photovoltaic cell (efficiency 15% - 20%).</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The types of CSP (Concentrated Solar Power) are as under.</span><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> <a href="http://techbells.blogspot.com/2012/07/working-of-csp-parabolic-trough.html" target="_blank">Parabolic Trough.</a></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><a href="http://techbells.blogspot.com/2012/07/working-of-csp-power-tower.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Power Tower.</span></a><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><a href="http://techbells.blogspot.com/2012/07/working-of-csp-dish-engine.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Dish Engine.</span></a><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><a href="http://techbells.blogspot.com/2012/08/working-of-csp-linear-fresnel-reflectors.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Linear Fresnel Reflectors.</span></a></li>
</ol><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">All these types are different but they use same principle. Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is electricity generated from mirrors to focus sunlight onto a receiver that captures the sun’s energy and converts it into heat. This heat can run a standard turbine generator or engine. These systems range from remote power systems which are as small as a few kilowatts and up to grid-connected power plants of 100’s of megawatts (MW). CSP systems work best in bright, sunny locations like the Southwest which has most deserts like areas. Because of the economies of scale and cost of operation and maintenance, CSP technology works best in large power plants.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Here are some images of CSP. </span><br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYjap2hqbogQRXwfKPXw9bHOnZIFRaFGgd9xgswrqRevS-gC4StBM1QW1Yq3eYSXfGC-ulL2R4DTtE9IeI47sqVspYWGIuektoNFPaXET9MjySCHavQe-UXSlq04dtu4fnfFgQbApAXhyphenhyphenQ/s1600/CSP+-++Parabolic+Trough.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Concentrated Solar Power - Desertec." border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYjap2hqbogQRXwfKPXw9bHOnZIFRaFGgd9xgswrqRevS-gC4StBM1QW1Yq3eYSXfGC-ulL2R4DTtE9IeI47sqVspYWGIuektoNFPaXET9MjySCHavQe-UXSlq04dtu4fnfFgQbApAXhyphenhyphenQ/s400/CSP+-++Parabolic+Trough.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Parabolic Trough.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYYXgWpEkezUpJQfdkxFK61mo2ZDUsWMO60X1PwCOxLq8MdxD3YR3xD1OGXYO5U7kJHJ2DVaBc4TMbSL5kPT9IMzD0QWfnN2bNyHNpni4RtfCte6q9tI6dkzECZgaYGZT_LLMr9xYTIOqu/s1600/CSP+-+Power+Tower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="CSP - Concentrating Solar Energy." border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYYXgWpEkezUpJQfdkxFK61mo2ZDUsWMO60X1PwCOxLq8MdxD3YR3xD1OGXYO5U7kJHJ2DVaBc4TMbSL5kPT9IMzD0QWfnN2bNyHNpni4RtfCte6q9tI6dkzECZgaYGZT_LLMr9xYTIOqu/s400/CSP+-+Power+Tower.jpg" width="395" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Power Tower.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Ebb-i3M5IEDienqB9TNxU9LDmkStbn4T8LLsVRhQ1vcP57fgBnVFu9weyeAGEH2m_mgKpMQj_9NkO79mF8kS7cj2godMLaVDqshXVCgU3mkb17iF_IjWh6OrKp-k12q7K3qxbzVj4xyj/s1600/CSP+Dish+Engine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Concentrated Solar Power - Desertec" border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Ebb-i3M5IEDienqB9TNxU9LDmkStbn4T8LLsVRhQ1vcP57fgBnVFu9weyeAGEH2m_mgKpMQj_9NkO79mF8kS7cj2godMLaVDqshXVCgU3mkb17iF_IjWh6OrKp-k12q7K3qxbzVj4xyj/s400/CSP+Dish+Engine.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dish Engine.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgApNuISb1NOVn5Jt7FnSaRF-EmKOBQm-BwuEYiQbOr3LDyKlf-PMOukG8Uq5xAZpW8TDrNUoI5P1KqLqOGllpDI5LrWGIp7CLbyE_E0wMdV6hFsvWuJCP-tsx1fkhpKUSpZNbLbEdLgEL_/s1600/CSP+-+Linear+Fresnel+Reflectors.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Concentrated Solar Energy" border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgApNuISb1NOVn5Jt7FnSaRF-EmKOBQm-BwuEYiQbOr3LDyKlf-PMOukG8Uq5xAZpW8TDrNUoI5P1KqLqOGllpDI5LrWGIp7CLbyE_E0wMdV6hFsvWuJCP-tsx1fkhpKUSpZNbLbEdLgEL_/s400/CSP+-+Linear+Fresnel+Reflectors.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Linear Fresnel Reflectors</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;" /></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-16455460713843793532012-06-27T18:05:00.005+05:302012-07-10T12:59:07.554+05:30Disable Country Specific URL Redirect For Your Blogger Blog<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Blogger had recently started to redirect blogspot blogs to country specific URL. This means that blog’s URL redirects from .com to country specific .in or .au or .uk etc. That means if you are reading blog from Australia than the URL would be redirected to .au. A report says that many countries are affected from this. These countries are</span><br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Argentina [blogspot.com.ar]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Australia [blogspot.com.au]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Brazil [blogspot.com.br]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Canada [blogspot.ca]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Czech Republic [blogspot.cz]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">France [blogspot.fr]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Germany [blogspot.de]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Hong Kong [blogspot.hk] </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">India [blogspot.in]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Italy [blogspot.it]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Japan [blogspot.jp]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Mexico [blogspot.mx]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">New Zealand [blogspot.co.nz]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Portugal [blogspot.pt]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Romania [blogspot.ro] </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Spain [blogspot.com.es]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Sweden [blogspot.se]</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">UK [blogspot.co.uk]</span></li>
</ol><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">If you want to prevent this country specific redirection then follow the steps given below.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Step 1</span></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Goto 'Design' from your blogger dashboard.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Step 2</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Then select 'Edit HTML'.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Step 3</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Find <Head> and paste the code given below right below it.</span><br />
<pre style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 1px dashed rgb(153, 153, 153); color: black; font-family: Andale Mono,Lucida Console,Monaco,fixed,monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; overflow: auto; padding: 5px; width: 100%;"><code>
<script type='text/javascript'>
var str= window.location.href.toString();
if ((str.indexOf('.com/'))=='-1') {
var str1=str.substring(str.lastIndexOf(".blogspot."));
if (str1.indexOf('/')=='-1') {
var str2=str1;
}
else {
var str2=str1.substring(0,str1.indexOf('/')+1);
}
window.location.href =window.location.href.toString().replace(str2,'.blogspot.com/ncr/');
}
</script>
</code>
</pre><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">That’s it!! Now your blog will not redirect to country specific URL. This may help your SEO too. </span></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-32403028558960904092012-06-26T16:35:00.001+05:302012-06-26T16:37:15.262+05:30How to Call From a Private Number?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">If you want to make your number private number then just follow the steps given below.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzVJvB4x3nGNcQAPAkS0lu98PjiYe_vbJmCIOXiNgcP3eNOp4WuSThhjw8bgsr674LTVZIpYRsLCB2yhkD7nVqKIEUhqRFK5lzzkM25vev3qbSt8a0Vb7GpozbRO4s0VXtwcWClxEf9pFJ/s1600/Private+Number.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Private Number" border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzVJvB4x3nGNcQAPAkS0lu98PjiYe_vbJmCIOXiNgcP3eNOp4WuSThhjw8bgsr674LTVZIpYRsLCB2yhkD7nVqKIEUhqRFK5lzzkM25vev3qbSt8a0Vb7GpozbRO4s0VXtwcWClxEf9pFJ/s320/Private+Number.jpg" width="154" /></a></div><b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Step 1</span></b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Dial *67 on your mobile phone</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Step 2</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Then dial area code and number of the person you want to call.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Step 3</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Then call that number and your call would be as "Private Number" or "Restricted"</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Ex:*67 91 1234567890</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Where 91 is area code and 1234567890 is the number of the person you are calling.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">This trick is supported in some mobile operators only.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Another way to make your mobile number private is in your phone's "Call settings".</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Go to your mobile's Call settings and find "My Caller Identity". In which there would be "Set By Network" by default. But you can change it to "No". By changing it to 'NO', your phone will not send caller identity to receiver.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">And in other operators you have to call customer services. Customer services or customer care can make your number a private number permanently.</span></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-1108746301095255282012-06-24T12:07:00.000+05:302012-06-24T12:07:08.929+05:30Keep Your Mobile's Bluetooth Always ON<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">If you want to keep your or your friend's Bluetooth always visible or always on which can drain your friend's battery then just type *#9990# in the phone.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">This will keep Bluetooth always on!!</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">And phone's battery will drain rapidly.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrsk4xKabs7mGwmjJ4GC9zDIA5Bs3kk0dHajuKn5LdR-LAuj09jULzYDRaXUDeGrOIjN-n8PYAdllYI_yK1IB_cC4siv6k2DgUf42RCzaK4zpxlzLBxAaiaLVPOInh0j-7r_94Qrves3Jm/s1600/BlueTooth.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Bluetooth" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrsk4xKabs7mGwmjJ4GC9zDIA5Bs3kk0dHajuKn5LdR-LAuj09jULzYDRaXUDeGrOIjN-n8PYAdllYI_yK1IB_cC4siv6k2DgUf42RCzaK4zpxlzLBxAaiaLVPOInh0j-7r_94Qrves3Jm/s1600/BlueTooth.jpg" /></a></div><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">If you want to turn it off then switch off your mobile for 2 to 5 minutes. Then try to turn Bluetooth off after turning the mobile on.</span></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-84790145886090263022012-03-03T12:06:00.000+05:302013-01-06T11:57:16.983+05:30Install Windows 7, Vista and XP from USB<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">If you want to make your usb pendrive multiboot bootable which can install windows 7, windows vista, windows XP and other boot CD simultaneously without any coding or programming, just follow following steps. You can use .iso file of Windows xp, Windows 7 or Windows Vista too!! </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">These are very easy steps which doesn’t require any advanced level knowledge.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">1. </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">First of all just format your pendrive using normal format tool. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrsJNEwBl9SmJm6dJT_flRLPb7GqKx984u-Z-YKUYwGkUR7mjMRbv3olt1_BCbi-mBtgaHqegzjwmYcaYauhb9Oaw10cd6GAIiTzaA9nKcMeF9dJKlk8Pg1CX5_gxuK9n9044ccDwua0ud/s1600/Format+USB+Pendrive.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrsJNEwBl9SmJm6dJT_flRLPb7GqKx984u-Z-YKUYwGkUR7mjMRbv3olt1_BCbi-mBtgaHqegzjwmYcaYauhb9Oaw10cd6GAIiTzaA9nKcMeF9dJKlk8Pg1CX5_gxuK9n9044ccDwua0ud/s320/Format+USB+Pendrive.png" width="184" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">2. Download WinSetupFromUSB-1-0-beta-7 from the Internet. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">3. Open and run WinSetupFromUSB_1-0-beta-7.exe</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCYnGnRs9zMQY8GYpZvB5_kZh45ldQKeo2TE7lzXt6sn_uv5DGr2YI1aIe1dVhpn7XU7lH0MMotyoDax8Mn66oC5IMhAdNdY_AC2Jhli2RUDI0VxYHOH8sdYU0Ill2TEhYXvy5pokIPGZO/s1600/Open.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCYnGnRs9zMQY8GYpZvB5_kZh45ldQKeo2TE7lzXt6sn_uv5DGr2YI1aIe1dVhpn7XU7lH0MMotyoDax8Mn66oC5IMhAdNdY_AC2Jhli2RUDI0VxYHOH8sdYU0Ill2TEhYXvy5pokIPGZO/s400/Open.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">After running it you will see screen like below</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7MFNp-rgPlG30wVC0TBA-SYIoxZJjIv_KxomqNQ6vvCOhq44qwPk2tch-nR12f3Euz6X9PpqdjwbJR1RaF2cEJ9yXhX3bVVKuKqfyi69E2Z4nJnKGF6hgx45ffbZ65dl2NZqu9A94CdYd/s1600/WinSetupFromUSBfront.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7MFNp-rgPlG30wVC0TBA-SYIoxZJjIv_KxomqNQ6vvCOhq44qwPk2tch-nR12f3Euz6X9PpqdjwbJR1RaF2cEJ9yXhX3bVVKuKqfyi69E2Z4nJnKGF6hgx45ffbZ65dl2NZqu9A94CdYd/s400/WinSetupFromUSBfront.png" width="305" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">4. As shown in above image you can see your USB pen drive detected.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">After that give path of your windows 7 cd, windows XP cd and other iso file like shown in image below.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">You can mount your iso file of windows xp/7/vista in any virtual drive and then use it too.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwfRqPufP0iT8CYLGNX3gDc9Oh4C9bmZEuSXFQGCmih2SUfUgzU8knArV-APP_vL_eU3RUD4V4GfXU2EadHo-ia0f2xfB7y_NwIDwK9zGGfcWzlUZzPZrVuSn71xi2x_FQMjj1LElPfqsw/s1600/Loaded.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwfRqPufP0iT8CYLGNX3gDc9Oh4C9bmZEuSXFQGCmih2SUfUgzU8knArV-APP_vL_eU3RUD4V4GfXU2EadHo-ia0f2xfB7y_NwIDwK9zGGfcWzlUZzPZrVuSn71xi2x_FQMjj1LElPfqsw/s400/Loaded.png" width="308" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Now click on ‘GO’.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">You can see the process going on. This process will take a few minutes.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">After completing the process you can see the message like below.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwHLX8IQNMbQl2TH8hJjaG8eVyhi3JaVmtiyFwOwSD-7FJv94AdmhOdJCBnEjmzvIcmYkkooKMfq0zRFj6HxxcODBecIGiwXWCkA5GI9jtW6mQLpDI4wcf3RcXiPEzfqDKpsVDBxhAbraw/s1600/Job+Done.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwHLX8IQNMbQl2TH8hJjaG8eVyhi3JaVmtiyFwOwSD-7FJv94AdmhOdJCBnEjmzvIcmYkkooKMfq0zRFj6HxxcODBecIGiwXWCkA5GI9jtW6mQLpDI4wcf3RcXiPEzfqDKpsVDBxhAbraw/s1600/Job+Done.png" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Click on ‘OK’</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">That’s IT!!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">You are done.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">You can now install windows 7 or XP or VISTA from USB port. </span></div>
Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-72312850534733084482012-02-28T02:51:00.001+05:302012-05-13T12:16:32.139+05:30BSNL Tablets<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Indian Telecom company BSNL launches three tablets designed by Pantel Technologies which are going to provide healthy competition to datawind’s Aakash and Ubislate 7+. These tablets have better configuration than Aakash and Ubislate 7+ and are in three different price ranges.</span><br />
<div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">These three tablets are</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD IS701R</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD WS704C</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD WS804C</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">The cheapest of them is Penta TPAD IS701R which has price of 3250 Rupees and it will give tough competition to Aakash and Ubislate 7+.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Penta TPAD IS701R</span></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Price: 3,250 Rupees.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD IS701R doesn’t has SIM card slot but it can be connected to internet via 2G or 3G USB modem. It has Wi-fi connectivity and Android 2.3 (Ginger Bread) operating system.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Talking about its internal configuration, it has 1GHz (ARM11 IMAP210) Processor along with 256 MB DDR2 RAM which is faster than Aakash and Ubislate 7+.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has 7 inch resistive touch screen which has 800 x 6oo resolution.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has HDMI port via which it can be connected to an HDTV. It has a gravity sensor (G Sensor) which enables applications like motion gaming and etc.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has battery of rating 3000mAH.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Internal memory of 2 GB which can be extended upto 32 GB.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It also has a 0.3MP (Digital or VGA) front facing camera.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Image of Penta TPAD IS701R is shown below</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0X_hFRKw0P81xM5nhnn5vcD2hFPWjFDIewrZ5SizuJp-K7SVAFdJoo86wYNEzR_cRxjopZyOs_BtIDh6ZEOv0a9vybZyU9F7hwvTlx_iOPV9jSm2EhrZpYThL6Rq_wgqWAqhyphenhyphenMh1CSTxp/s1600/BSNLTablet+penta+IS701R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSNL Tablets, BSNL tablet Penta IS701R" border="0" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0X_hFRKw0P81xM5nhnn5vcD2hFPWjFDIewrZ5SizuJp-K7SVAFdJoo86wYNEzR_cRxjopZyOs_BtIDh6ZEOv0a9vybZyU9F7hwvTlx_iOPV9jSm2EhrZpYThL6Rq_wgqWAqhyphenhyphenMh1CSTxp/s320/BSNLTablet+penta+IS701R.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Penta TPAD WS704C</span></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Price: 10,999 Rupees.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD WS704C has sim card slot and Android 2.3 (Ginger Bread) operating system.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has 1GHz (ARM11 IMAP210) Processor along with 512 MB DDR3 RAM which provides good multitasking.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has 7 inch capacitive touch screen which has resolution of 800 x 600. It is multi touch enabled.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has a USB and a HDMI port.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has battery rating of 4000mAH.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has Internal memory of 4 GB which can be expanded later.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has 3.5 mm audio jack and 0.3 MP front camera along with 2 MP rear camera.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has other stuffs like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS and G-sensor.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Image of Penta TPAD WS704C is shown below</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGdmv9h3KfqmyLSFr3JNmi9U-Rgwri0rHLIu2C1dw3BrRzj4ACnEtNRrRIdU3p17KNcDsoeI89mUhBWGHxlIepkpyTbvFtKjehfSYmQTGVR7hvbUhgpSFGbh2cUYl6qTmA-7JOO6hyphenhyphenGWRQ/s1600/BSNL+tablet+Penta+Tpad+WS704c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSNL Tablets, BSNL tablet Penta WS704C" border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGdmv9h3KfqmyLSFr3JNmi9U-Rgwri0rHLIu2C1dw3BrRzj4ACnEtNRrRIdU3p17KNcDsoeI89mUhBWGHxlIepkpyTbvFtKjehfSYmQTGVR7hvbUhgpSFGbh2cUYl6qTmA-7JOO6hyphenhyphenGWRQ/s320/BSNL+tablet+Penta+Tpad+WS704c.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Penta TPAD WS804C</span></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Price: 13,500 Rupees.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD WS804C has sim card slot.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has ARMv7 1.2GHz processor based on Cortex-A8 architecture which is better than the previous one. It has 512 MB DDR3 ram.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has 8 inch capacitive touch screen which has resolution of 800 x 600.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has a USB and a HDMI port.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has Internal memory of 4 GB which can be expanded later.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It has 2MP camera at the back of it along with 0.3 MP front camera.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It also has stuffs like 3.5mm audio jack, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS and G sensor.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Image of </span><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Penta TPAD WS804C is shown below.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiscers4XVblnEitFt8oUjPT_De9wy7CnxbQK_KkpwwuwO0XPRXHruP3E8-_UuERBSD1Ww04IJIpgr0ihVMbQjiAN-ajr4EGkTfZ1v6DkxzE5sNIaWx9NUqpxUV2sT8avpW3nmix_MXht55/s1600/BSNLTablet+penta+WS802C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="BSNL tablet, BSNL Tablet Penta WS804C" border="0" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiscers4XVblnEitFt8oUjPT_De9wy7CnxbQK_KkpwwuwO0XPRXHruP3E8-_UuERBSD1Ww04IJIpgr0ihVMbQjiAN-ajr4EGkTfZ1v6DkxzE5sNIaWx9NUqpxUV2sT8avpW3nmix_MXht55/s320/BSNLTablet+penta+WS802C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Comparison Of BSNL Tablets</span></b> </span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6LHM29Q-11ZlTR7DGCQDkiKAuD64Nr2ZyvAOBHOVqIYKzHYCvodJHqMymoHzNVEJgwx59fY54rO7mA3RaysylAFBxc7g1rQdG2qOoGUDMt5OmcHmjvip7ddYof8UP5V-RN1HGbXM2Qe5H/s1600/Comparison+of+BSNL+tablets.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="311" alt="Comparison of BSNL tablets" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6LHM29Q-11ZlTR7DGCQDkiKAuD64Nr2ZyvAOBHOVqIYKzHYCvodJHqMymoHzNVEJgwx59fY54rO7mA3RaysylAFBxc7g1rQdG2qOoGUDMt5OmcHmjvip7ddYof8UP5V-RN1HGbXM2Qe5H/s400/Comparison+of+BSNL+tablets.PNG" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-35590400439673136002012-02-25T14:29:00.000+05:302012-05-14T13:23:45.088+05:30Solar Paint<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Energy crisis is a big issue in today’s era. Scientists are trying to find more and more alternate sources of energy. One of them is solar energy. Solar energy is most common and ubiquitous energy source. We get enough energy in 1 hour from sun to fulfill our energy need for one year!!</span><br />
<div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Currently, people are using solar panels to generate electricity from sunlight. But cost for installation of solar panel is high and its efficiency is near to 10% to 15%.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Researchers at the university of Notre Dame in US has developed a paint which can generate electricity from light when it is spreaded on a conductive surface. Indian origin professor Prashant Kamat is leader of this team. These researchers have called this paint as </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">‘<i>Sun-believable Solar Paint</i>’</span><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Power producing nano-sized particle made of titanium dioxide is used in this paint. These nano particles are called quantum dots. The paint is based on nano sized particles of titanium dioxide (quantum dots) coated with cadmium sulfide or cadmium selenide. These particles were mixed with water and alcohol to create a smooth paste.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><i><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">“When the paste was brushed onto a transparent conducting material and exposed to light, it created electricity”</span></i><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">: Prashant Kamat.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTL8WjbP48tt9bM9wNTiTd7F3SlvSo4feglKzAuWZWyW6tkUKuV8NH7ApgusVKdW-BecaY4N5wta_Hg2rvGQnRAUhszy8LHWkX2EmSdQQaoIAJbUK91ViQttucNWThpDp8dOS9Vh6QwEG5/s1600/solar+paint.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Paint, Sun-believable Solar paint is solar energy source." border="0" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTL8WjbP48tt9bM9wNTiTd7F3SlvSo4feglKzAuWZWyW6tkUKuV8NH7ApgusVKdW-BecaY4N5wta_Hg2rvGQnRAUhszy8LHWkX2EmSdQQaoIAJbUK91ViQttucNWThpDp8dOS9Vh6QwEG5/s400/solar+paint.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">This paint doesn’t need any special equipment to apply on the surface it simply need a conventional paint brush.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">This paint has light to energy conversion efficiency of 1% which is low compared to solar panels. But production cost of this paint is very low which makes it worth.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Researchers believe that small improvement in efficiency can make it commercially successful.</span></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-57688810039781878802012-02-11T20:35:00.001+05:302012-05-13T12:27:55.271+05:30How does Cell Phone Jammer Work?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">More and more number of people is using cell phones now a day. The number of cell phone users in the world is increasing rapidly. People feel connected by having cell phone with them and they feel being cut off with the world without cell phone. Cell phones are being almost ubiquitous. Because of this ubiquitousness of cell phones, they are causing many problems in society. Some people don’t know when to talk, when to put mobile on silent mode or when to switch off mobile. These people cause disturbance in society. You would hate those people, who are spoiling your movie by talking loudly on cell phones in theatre. Some people talk in hospitals and some in church and temple. To avoid these kinds of disturbances, cellular jammers are used at these places.</span><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">You would be surprised to know that cell phone jammers were used in Indian parliament to avoid disturbances caused by ‘ring tone’ of members and to prevent leakage of fresh information caused by journalists during the session. Journalists used to send SMS about the discussions in the parliament. To avoid this, cell phone jammers were used in Indian Parliament.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">After knowing these facts one would wonder, what is a cell phone jammer and how does it work?</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>What is cell phone jammer?</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Technically speaking, a cell phone jammer is a device used to block cell phones from receiving signals from base stations.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>How does Cell phone jammer work?</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">To know the working of cell phone jammer you should know how does cell phone work? Briefly speaking, a cell phone works by sending and receiving signals to the mobile tower and from the mobile tower. These signals contain information. The cell phone jammer works on the concept of blocking cell phone to communicate with tower. Thus jammer prevents cell phones from receiving or establishing any call.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Cell phone jammers transmit the signals on the same frequency which mobile phones use. This way jammers create disturbance for mobile phones. Mobile phone is a full duplex device that means it uses different frequencies for listening and talking. Jammers block any one of these frequency by transmitting relatively high power signals (noise) on the same frequency. Because of this high power, a cell phone can’t identify the signal from tower and it keeps searching for signals. So one can see ‘no signal’ or ‘Searching for networks’ or ‘no service’ in mobile phone’s display.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">There are two signals, one is cell phone to tower and another is tower to cell phone. Jammers generally try to disturb tower to cell phone signals because towers are placed at distance so signals coming from them has low power. So it is easy for jammers to disturb tower to cell phone signal.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Cell phone jammers generally consist of power supply, internal circuitry and antennas.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Basic block diagram of it is shown below</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVATwNp6TdQRYmGW-R0xJZ0sjn7s_jALqdxQJsJBqswnLrOB7Okc1Fg2aywyQWWz6MSyZ1sf5tp4TL-u8OdpLoHZv3bVHVLDlgJyFJgPYo7ZPkEQzRYyYbg09hfuLtNuXr9mDpZeISyWSx/s1600/block+diagram+of+cell+phone+jammer.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="107" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVATwNp6TdQRYmGW-R0xJZ0sjn7s_jALqdxQJsJBqswnLrOB7Okc1Fg2aywyQWWz6MSyZ1sf5tp4TL-u8OdpLoHZv3bVHVLDlgJyFJgPYo7ZPkEQzRYyYbg09hfuLtNuXr9mDpZeISyWSx/s400/block+diagram+of+cell+phone+jammer.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>Power supply</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">There are mainly two types of power supply. One is battery and other is direct mains power. Small range jammers use batteries. These batteries look like a cell phone battery. While wide range jammers are generally fed up by mains power. But a disadvantage of it is jammer work till the electricity is present.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>Internal Circuitry</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">The most basic circuits are used in jammers. One part of its circuit is a voltage controlled oscillator. Voltage controlled oscillator is a circuit which generates a signal of desired frequency. Another part along with it is a tuning circuit which allows to change the frequency. After that a random noise is inserted into the signal so that mobile phone can’t identify the signal. Next stage is amplifier which increases power of the signal. And last stage is antenna.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>Antenna</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Antenna is a device which transmits the signal. Generally there can be three or more than three antennas in a jammer. Each one is for specific use like GSM, 3G, DCS, Wi-Fi etc.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Here are some images of jammers</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTUs4U30v6HypSeNRGXT-ONhlCM9KxJET6qG8Xbi6k1NNl3N9qWg_eS4X9oWxDduEaiucG56II8kg8a-1HiRomCr8B0DuSfsQtJoeBz5E-UnL-7tHiy0tOhtl3fArDNq0HVzZN58Pjsn91/s1600/Cell+phone+Jammer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTUs4U30v6HypSeNRGXT-ONhlCM9KxJET6qG8Xbi6k1NNl3N9qWg_eS4X9oWxDduEaiucG56II8kg8a-1HiRomCr8B0DuSfsQtJoeBz5E-UnL-7tHiy0tOhtl3fArDNq0HVzZN58Pjsn91/s400/Cell+phone+Jammer.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdCeqZxCU1BBLbCFG0iEyTzyRHiQsRrWrc-L6zoFqH0nEYDmac70e757e-P07kkdqE7tMA1H1WGOq7KODNY368ICGjiSD7yXNopEmXe6ANqrSy-YXbqzqbh69TJIJqa9Brvm5yzLPj_QZT/s1600/Cell+Phone+Jammer1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdCeqZxCU1BBLbCFG0iEyTzyRHiQsRrWrc-L6zoFqH0nEYDmac70e757e-P07kkdqE7tMA1H1WGOq7KODNY368ICGjiSD7yXNopEmXe6ANqrSy-YXbqzqbh69TJIJqa9Brvm5yzLPj_QZT/s400/Cell+Phone+Jammer1.jpg" width="150" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjoqg6D7DSOiBoWMLFaWZ8qI7O5hbw6XaERQj9tLMU56ViDoluy-1jLi4WQDGWxVZIeDUIBy1qeiJKb67VTLuVfuJ6152N9E11ETa99f88aLMJN1yYTqXlypve9679OlyzIwz_pNig81jE/s1600/Cell+phone+Jammers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjoqg6D7DSOiBoWMLFaWZ8qI7O5hbw6XaERQj9tLMU56ViDoluy-1jLi4WQDGWxVZIeDUIBy1qeiJKb67VTLuVfuJ6152N9E11ETa99f88aLMJN1yYTqXlypve9679OlyzIwz_pNig81jE/s400/Cell+phone+Jammers.jpg" width="158" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5BKRDDKZhIaKXoXcxfIFhjidl6BF7SEJKz-wrCVVXyraMf3DGuOLIxqf7wuc9rreNKi4m287cs9jgxFz2I_Ypiqx1jn75EILw4qKXjZOWz-L6DTo6Ya3kLJbf9Rf5g_ywMf9aCxmfDo0p/s1600/High+Power+Cell+phone+Jammer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5BKRDDKZhIaKXoXcxfIFhjidl6BF7SEJKz-wrCVVXyraMf3DGuOLIxqf7wuc9rreNKi4m287cs9jgxFz2I_Ypiqx1jn75EILw4qKXjZOWz-L6DTo6Ya3kLJbf9Rf5g_ywMf9aCxmfDo0p/s400/High+Power+Cell+phone+Jammer.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Cell phone jammers are available in a few meters to several kilometers range depending upon its application.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">There some countries where the use of cell phone jammer is allowed (legal). And in other countries it is not allowed (illegal) or one must have a license to use it.</span></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-15791336727363424822012-02-04T19:11:00.001+05:302012-05-14T13:29:05.409+05:30Memristor<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristor is a combined word of Memory and Resistor. It is given name memristor because of its remembering property. Memristor can remember the amount of current passed through it!</span><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristor is a two terminal passive circuit element which has non linear properties. When current through the device is in one direction, the resistance increases and when current through the device is in opposite direction, the resistance decreases.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">But the main property which makes this component very special is when current passing through it stops, it retains the last resistance that it had, and when the flow of current starts again, the resistance of the circuit will be what it was when it was last active. That means it can remember the amount of current flowed through it. This property gives this component ability to work as memory device or data storage device.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristor was first theoretically invented in 1971 by Leon Ong Chua. He is a professor at university of California, Berkeley. Leon Ong Chua is widely known as father of nonlinear circuit theory and cellular neural networks. Leon Chua theoretically proved the existence of Memristor in a paper published by him in 1971. But unfortunately he could not find physical model of it.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">But 37 years later, a team of researchers at Hewlett Packard (HP Labs) led by R Stanley Williams was able to make physical model of memristor in 2008. This model of memristor was developed by using a thin film of titanium dioxide and they are planning to launch it commercially as a memory device in the time frame of 2013 – 2014. The researchers also announced that memristor can be the replacement of flash memory, SSD, DRAM and SRAM.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristor is considered as fourth basic element of electronics. Resistor, Capacitor and Inductor are first three basic elements of electronic circuits.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifQtveiHkP2CS1z63Cbayblv3iHWaqyssiRmdiy-ITos1QSNu6Naybjj5YiMEljx6qBElgnsPf-rzFt5fkD1nlrK6n0IF75JmBKaFLLUcY9BI12QFkah37O22n2AukGA0Tm9Bo68chsYSt/s1600/Memristor.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="380" alt="Memristor Technnology" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifQtveiHkP2CS1z63Cbayblv3iHWaqyssiRmdiy-ITos1QSNu6Naybjj5YiMEljx6qBElgnsPf-rzFt5fkD1nlrK6n0IF75JmBKaFLLUcY9BI12QFkah37O22n2AukGA0Tm9Bo68chsYSt/s400/Memristor.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">This image is of a circuit with 17 memristors which is captured by an atomic force microscope.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">RAM is a volatile memory that means the data stored in it disappears when the power is turned off. While memristor is a non-volatile memory, which means the data stored in it remains in it when power is turned off. It has a very fast read and write time so it can be used as a non-volatile RAM. Advantage of using memristor as RAM is computers don’t need to reboot every time when it is turned on.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">”You could leave all your Word files and spreadsheets open, turn off your computer, and go get a cup of coffee or go on vacation for two weeks,” says Williams. ”When you come back, you turn on your computer and everything is instantly on the screen exactly the way you left it.”</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristor has ability to remember wide range of electrical states unlike only “on” and “off” in digital components. Memristor can remember values in analog way. This ability makes memristors able to perform more complex tasks than todays computers.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristors will be cheaper and far faster than flash memory, and allow far greater memory densities. Read time of memristor is less than 10 nanoseconds and wrier/erase time is about 0.1 nanoseconds which is faster than flash memory.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Conventional memory storage device use flip-flops which can store only one bit but memristor is able to store four bits which can increase storage capacity. Memristors are energy efficient than RAM because memristor doesn’t require any energy to maintain the data srorage.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristor chips can be made using three – dimensional layered structure which can process and store data. Making process of memristor is easy and completely compatible with today’s CMOS chip making process. It can be scaled to very small geometries without losing its properties.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Memristors can also be used as a microprocessor.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Researchers believe that the computers made using memristor can process and associate information in a manner similar to that of the human brain. Lots of researchers are trying to write a computer code which can simulate brain function on standard computer. These researchers have to use big machines which use enormous power to operate. But Williams suggests using hardware instead of computer code to simulate human brain. This hardware is made of memristor which can reduce the complexity of human brain simulator.</span></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-1029067929170420352012-02-02T14:12:00.002+05:302012-05-14T13:31:11.629+05:30How does touch screen work?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Touch screen is very amazing invention which reduces the space occupied by the keypad in the mobile gadgets. As a result the gadgets are being more compact in size and the display is being bigger. Touch screen has become so popular that most of the new gadgets being launched is using a touch sensible display.</span><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">After using a touch sensible display a tech geek would wonder how is this working? What type of circuitry is used in this display? I would tell you how touch screen works in this article.</span><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">A touch screen is a two dimensional sensing device which is made of two sheets of material separated by small spacers. Generally a sheet of glass is used as a bottom layer and a sheet of Polyethylene(PET) is used as a top layer. Polyethylene is a flexible material.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfysC6wQs2s7BeGqgyD6xSPo9IPo_Q_gkopX1XXYF02EKMAZpBSTdyRXEiO79LAAdQQJgjZc6EZaE0fLIrD0beJzyRu03WlCgqOLQDQVj5N3TeOHA6HZpP-N9kqHNpVtVEib9OOsNDl_3o/s1600/Touch+Screen+Working.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><img border="0" height="145" alt="Working of Touch Screen Technology" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfysC6wQs2s7BeGqgyD6xSPo9IPo_Q_gkopX1XXYF02EKMAZpBSTdyRXEiO79LAAdQQJgjZc6EZaE0fLIrD0beJzyRu03WlCgqOLQDQVj5N3TeOHA6HZpP-N9kqHNpVtVEib9OOsNDl_3o/s400/Touch+Screen+Working.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">These two sheets are covered with a resistive substance which is usually a metal compound named Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). Thin layer of ITO is uniformly spreaded onto each glass and PET layer. Small bumps named spacer dots are added onto the glass over the resistive coating. This spacer dots creates space between two layers and prevents accidental or a false touch.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">When someone touches the display, the PET film is pressed down so the two resistive surfaces touch each other which completes the circuit. The position of this touch can be calculated by a touch screen controller circuit.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">The controller circuit uses two dimensional system to determine the point of touch. The basic two dimensional system is shown in the figure.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVXFSUo2qy4CqvC5HpDqXhydOgukAFqvmQd8z5Fq4AAe7zb-COIsMc6woWG-RcwzyELwjYFLQgWFDo8A8X0vE166n9LyvcnDdISUT3PLX1IQnJ1a8sZ2l3BMvUFiDTsqVo8fP1jSVXe0SH/s1600/Two+dimensional+Touch+screen.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><img border="0" height="276" alt="How does touch screen technology work?" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVXFSUo2qy4CqvC5HpDqXhydOgukAFqvmQd8z5Fq4AAe7zb-COIsMc6woWG-RcwzyELwjYFLQgWFDo8A8X0vE166n9LyvcnDdISUT3PLX1IQnJ1a8sZ2l3BMvUFiDTsqVo8fP1jSVXe0SH/s320/Two+dimensional+Touch+screen.JPG" width="320" /></span></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">By measuring the value of X and Y you can determine the position of touch.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">In a touch screen display there is two different circuit for measurement of X and Y position. The circuit for measuring X position is shown in the below figure.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM4CywfbFt8IV_uKiXpLIB-n7o5QJMV29odinfsvr7f7SuDfRyu6d-9jV9orrQo3HtoTSNsRO45Xy3ElnotZktURhcFcDpocQRR2Qpv9dzEVfM_TYB-aZ3jkKkSU_cCR2PWVJGUY0H_8aL/s1600/X+position+Sensing+in+touch+screen.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><img border="0" height="320" alt="X position sensing in touch screen technology working" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM4CywfbFt8IV_uKiXpLIB-n7o5QJMV29odinfsvr7f7SuDfRyu6d-9jV9orrQo3HtoTSNsRO45Xy3ElnotZktURhcFcDpocQRR2Qpv9dzEVfM_TYB-aZ3jkKkSU_cCR2PWVJGUY0H_8aL/s320/X+position+Sensing+in+touch+screen.JPG" width="312" /></span></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">As you can see from the figure that there is different value of resistance for each point on the X line. By measuring the value of this resistance you can determine the X position.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">The circuit for measuring Y position is shown in figure.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv38Ereq8S5FR2xY0MPDu3RVKDcTuDB-pNPhajhkcMd0TC-8ueYYC2CdKT3aR5dqYEFJ9VVM1UmomK0CcWRPEzvcmXP3uM8_hspVtA7xrpM8jwdDOaBC2q-EyX_B-hwq3vuMsEJLpJS7mv/s1600/Y+position+sensing+in+touch+screen.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><img border="0" height="320" alt="Y position sensing in touch screen technology working" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv38Ereq8S5FR2xY0MPDu3RVKDcTuDB-pNPhajhkcMd0TC-8ueYYC2CdKT3aR5dqYEFJ9VVM1UmomK0CcWRPEzvcmXP3uM8_hspVtA7xrpM8jwdDOaBC2q-EyX_B-hwq3vuMsEJLpJS7mv/s320/Y+position+sensing+in+touch+screen.JPG" width="292" /></span></a></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">The function of this circuit is also same as the circuit for X position. As you can see from the figure that there is different value of resistance for each point on the Y line. By measuring the value of this resistance you can determine the Y position.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Thus the controller circuit can determine the position of touch in the display.</span></div></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-50556128856992188482012-01-21T16:13:00.001+05:302012-05-14T13:33:52.868+05:30Transparent Solar Panels<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">As we all know that solar cells are used to convert sun light into electricity. It is generally made of silicon. But the researchers of MIT has invented solar cell which is transparent! Yes, it is transparent and still it can make electricity from sun light. <br />
<br />
It is very thin and transparent and it can be applied to the widows of buildings, surface of buildings and in many more applications you could imagine. You would be more surprised to know that this can be available at very low cost than traditional solar panels.</span><br />
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</span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP9lIAvY3p4PK7c9i5zsqEq96kyleoGUMET-y31ZclT2RKRcE5q3MEuqO9cFdxfAtDqrX7AZiaGvzAzAxEKlxxHgElK8WUpFHyl1NFtEEJa4yQx1nF3EKRqM2hH2OgGYlmKp6egP-ejmeX/s1600/Taransparent+solar+cell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Richard Lunt with a prototype of transparent solar cell" border="0" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP9lIAvY3p4PK7c9i5zsqEq96kyleoGUMET-y31ZclT2RKRcE5q3MEuqO9cFdxfAtDqrX7AZiaGvzAzAxEKlxxHgElK8WUpFHyl1NFtEEJa4yQx1nF3EKRqM2hH2OgGYlmKp6egP-ejmeX/s400/Taransparent+solar+cell.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Researcher Richard Lunt with a prototype.<br />
Photo: <span class="credit">Geoffrey Supran</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">It uses a photovoltaic cell based on organic molecules, which harnesses the energy of infrared light while allowing visible light to pass through. This way it generates power while being transparent. <br />
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<br />
The previous version of transparent solar cells failed because of their low efficiency and their low transparency. But the researcher at MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Richard Lunt said that this invention has relatively more efficiency and transparency than previous version of transparent solar cell. <br />
<br />
However there are many difficulties to face for this invention to be commercially successful. The researchers are trying to make its lifetime upto minimum 25 years. <br />
<br />
The efficiency of transparent solar cells is 20% of the traditional solar cells. But still it can be used where the traditional solar cells can’t be used. It can be used in huge sky scrapers where they have very large surface area. Thus it can generate a good amount of energy needed for sky scrapers. <br />
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The installation process of this is very easy as an average person can install it on his own. However for commercial success, the windows manufacturers are aiming to ensemble transparent solar cells into windows during manufacturing process.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbyG_fzKWEP8stixZMaarqfP2yCiFa7fghNn32kmF6vksQNW5o7riY6Ez69ZCzBB8_6xt7RY3JpJo7uyTcV_XiltWvOggNvY5pSjpDfHMLxNKjRITOQBs54-Gb2VoD301-SxVeTkXNUkzL/s1600/Transparent+solar+cell1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Prototype of transparent solar cell at 150th anniversary of MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)" border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbyG_fzKWEP8stixZMaarqfP2yCiFa7fghNn32kmF6vksQNW5o7riY6Ez69ZCzBB8_6xt7RY3JpJo7uyTcV_XiltWvOggNvY5pSjpDfHMLxNKjRITOQBs54-Gb2VoD301-SxVeTkXNUkzL/s400/Transparent+solar+cell1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Prototype of transparent solar cells can be seen on top of the banner at<br />
150th anniversary of MIT.<br />
Photo: Geoffrey Supran.</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><br />
</span></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-68312489312477259322012-01-19T16:36:00.003+05:302012-05-14T13:37:33.363+05:30What Is SOPA & PIPA ?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJSjRAqRLjC8uRcfVJ9ec30a86wgz6I14oLaMnD5kSuFSVUecu_WZucEVG6Es6S5m9tBhLRObFzAnu3lDjTe4oesoFfvglVbO4e5yxQ1naMXtZ_i2D3C4t_aM55rSkd17Sj8E46Fsjfjw/s1600/731049.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="325" alt="Protest against SOPA and PIPA" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJSjRAqRLjC8uRcfVJ9ec30a86wgz6I14oLaMnD5kSuFSVUecu_WZucEVG6Es6S5m9tBhLRObFzAnu3lDjTe4oesoFfvglVbO4e5yxQ1naMXtZ_i2D3C4t_aM55rSkd17Sj8E46Fsjfjw/s320/731049.jpg" width="505" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><h1 style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia, 'Century Schoolbook', 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.1075em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; width: auto;"> <span style="font-size: large;">A Guide to Understanding the Online Piracy Bill</span></h1><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">If a day without Wikipedia was a bother, think bigger. In this plugged-in world, we would barely be able to cope if the entire Internet went down in a city, state or country for a day or a week.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">Sure, we’d survive. People have done it. Countries have, as Egypt did last year during the anti-government protests. And most of civilization went along until the 1990s without the Internet.</span> </div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"><br />
</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">But now we’re so intertwined socially, financially and industrially that suddenly going back to the 1980s would hit the world as hard as a natural disaster, experts say.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;">No email, Twitter or Facebook. No buying online. No stock trades. No just-in-time industrial shipping. No real-time tracking of diseases.</span> </div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"><br />
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</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<div><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;"><b>Q: What is the purpose of the bill?</b></span></span></div><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;"> <div><b>A: </b>There are actually two bills, the Stop Online Piracy Act, known as SOPA, in the House and sister legislation called the Protect IP [Intellectual Property] Act, or PIPA, in the Senate. Both are designed to tackle the problem of foreign-based websites that sell pirated movies, music and other products.</div><div><br />
</div><div>Federal law enforcement has the authority to shut down U.S.-based websites that offer pirated content, but they can't directly do the same to foreign sites like Pirate Bay. The Motion Picture Association of America, the legislation's main backer, estimates 13% of American adults have watched illegal copies of movies or TV shows online, and it says the practice has cost media companies billions of dollars.</div><div><br />
</div><div><br />
</div><div><b>Q: How do the bills attempt to stop piracy?</b></div><div><b>A:</b> The basic method is to stop U.S. companies from providing funding, advertising, links or other assistance to the foreign sites. The bills would give Justice Department prosecutors new powers to prevent pirate sites from getting U.S. visitors and funding.</div><div><br />
</div><div><br />
</div><div><b>Q: What are the new powers?</b></div><div><b>A:</b> The Justice Department could seek a court order requiring U.S. Internet providers to block access to foreign pirate websites. Access could be blocked either by making it impossible for users to type a simple web address into an Internet browser to reach the site or by requiring search engines like Google to disable links to the sites.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The attorney general could also seek a court order requiring credit-card processors to stop processing payments to the sites and requiring advertising networks to stop placing ads on the sites or taking ads from the pirated websites for display elsewhere.</div><div><br />
</div><div>In addition, both bills would allow Hollywood studios and other content owners to take private legal action against websites that are alleged to be hosting pirated material.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The legislation would allow content owners to ask a court to require credit-card companies and advertising networks to stop payments to sites allegedly hosting pirated material.</div><div><br />
</div><div><br />
</div><div><b>Q: How does this harm free speech? A Wikipedia official said the legislation could allow for "censorship without due process."</b></div><div><br />
</div><div><b>A:</b> Opponents of the legislation worry that the language in the House bill is so broad that it would allow content owners to target U.S. websites that aren't knowingly hosting pirated content. This has been a particular concern of bill opponents Facebook, Wikipedia and Twitter, all of which have sites that depend heavily on content uploaded by users.</div><div><br />
</div><div>In an extreme case, opponents say, media companies could get a court order blocking payments to an innocent site, with the effect of shutting it down and stripping it of its rights to free speech.</div><div><br />
</div><div>Also, they say the legislation would encourage authoritarian countries that have already been trying to block content on the Internet they don't like.</div><div><br />
</div><div><br />
</div><div><b>Q: What about the charge that the legislation could undermine cybersecurity efforts?</b></div><div><b>A:</b> One of the biggest issues for Google, eBay and other Internet companies is a provision that in some instances would require "DNS blocking." The domain-name system, or DNS, is an integral part of the Internet, ensuring traffic goes where it's supposed to when users type in a Web address like www.wsj.com or www.whitehouse.gov. Those addresses are converted into the series of numbers that make up a site's Internet protocol address.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The original legislation would have required Internet providers to redirect traffic away from pirate websites by blocking the conversion system.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The problem, according to cybersecurity experts, is that such redirection is also sometimes used by hackers to deceive Internet users and commit cybercrimes.</div><div><br />
</div><div>On Saturday, the White House issued a warning that it couldn't support the legislation if it included DNS blocking because of the possible impact on cybersecurity efforts.</div><div><br />
</div><div>This issue may be resolved. Last week, House Judiciary Committee Chairman Lamar Smith (R., Texas) said he would eliminate the DNS blocking provision from the House's SOPA legislation. In addition, Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy (D., Vt.) said he would propose changing the Senate legislation to require more study of the cybersecurity concerns before implementing DNS blocking.</div><div><br />
</div><div><br />
</div><div><b>Q: What's the difference between SOPA and PIPA?</b></div><div><b>A:</b> The bills are very similar. One major difference is that the House bill includes a provision making it illegal to stream unauthorized copyrighted content.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The provision has been called the "Free Bieber" provision by the legislation's opponents in honor of teen singer Justin Bieber, who became famous after posting videos of himself performing other singers' songs on YouTube.</div><div><br />
</div><div><br />
</div><div><b>Q: What would have to happen for the bills to become law?</b></div><div><b>A:</b> The House's SOPA legislation is awaiting consideration by the House Judiciary Committee, which tried unsuccessfully to complete its review of the bill in December. That effort was derailed after a bipartisan group of House members, including Rep. Darrell Issa (R., Calif.), filed dozens of amendments and used stalling tactics to prevent the bill from being considered before Congress left for the holidays. The bill's main sponsor, Rep. Smith, said Tuesday he plans to reschedule the hearing in February.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously passed the PIPA legislation in May, but it has been awaiting floor action ever since. Forty senators are co-sponsoring the bill. However one opponent, Sen. Ron Wyden (D., Ore.), has vowed to filibuster the bill if Senate leaders try to move forward. On Jan. 13, six Republican senators sent Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid a letter asking him to delay floor action until concerns are resolved. However, a procedural vote is still scheduled in the Senate for Jan. 24.</div><div><br />
</div><div>In short, the legislation has several hurdles in both houses of Congress. If both houses pass the bill, President Barack Obama would have to make the choice: To sign or to veto. The White House on Tuesday reiterated that it has concerns about the legislation but agrees with proponents that more needs to be done to stop piracy.</div><div><br />
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</div></span></span></div></div>V!ralhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03159569525095358102noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-24072233915414048152012-01-18T17:30:00.001+05:302012-05-14T13:47:45.694+05:30What Are Magnet Links ?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvuJlYxGUutPqyUoEdMgKO4sH4EBnyvYTGCD3I5BTOXCkas8xBKRouR1Bq3gWEuYasYqJbw__As3xsmXYGeH2noVZllmd1kRudhMvq98Fz9O2w9gBpaP_4F1DcKopaXKiOy2Ts4AdZkIM/s1600/a99c95c9a57162c47aef0d9196173acc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="305" alt="Magnet Links" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvuJlYxGUutPqyUoEdMgKO4sH4EBnyvYTGCD3I5BTOXCkas8xBKRouR1Bq3gWEuYasYqJbw__As3xsmXYGeH2noVZllmd1kRudhMvq98Fz9O2w9gBpaP_4F1DcKopaXKiOy2Ts4AdZkIM/s400/a99c95c9a57162c47aef0d9196173acc.jpg" width="520" /></a></div><div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">Soon, popular torrent site The Pirate Bay will no longer host torrent files. Instead, it will only offer magnet links. Magnet what now?You may have seen the term "magnet link" before, but if you haven't used one, here's the lowdown on what this change means for you as a BitTorrent user.</span></span></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.2; text-align: -webkit-auto;">How Magnet Links Are Different From .Torrent Files</span><br />
<div><div style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 13px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">When you download a .torrent file, you're essentially downloading a small file that contains information on the larger files you want to download. The torrent file tells your torrent client the names of the files being shared, a URL for the tracker, and more. Your torrent client then calculates a hash code, which is a unique code that only that torrent has—kind of like an ISBN or catalog number. From there, it can use that code to find others uploading those files, so you can download from them.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 13px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">A magnet link does away with the middleman. A magnet link is essentially a hyperlink containing the hash code for that torrent, which your torrent client can immediately use to start finding people sharing those files. Magnet links don't require a tracker (since it uses DHT), nor does it require you to download a separate file before starting the download, which is convenient.</span></span></div>
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<div style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 13px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><h3 style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif; font-size: 21px; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 13px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="line-height: 1.2;">How to Use Magnet Links</span></h3><h3 style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 13px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px;">Magnet links are dead simple to use. If you head to the Pirate Bay now, you'll notice that magnet links are now the default, with the "Get Torrent File" link in parentheses next to it (a link which will disappear in a month or so). Just click on the magnet link, and your browser should automatically open up your default BitTorrent client and start downloading. It's that easy.</span></span></h3><div><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Times, 'Liberation Serif', serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.2;">What This Ultimately Means for You</span></div><div><div>The short answer is nothing. In fact, it could mean that downloading torrents takes one or two fewer clicks, since all you have to do is click on the link to start the download. When magnet links first came out, not all torrent clients supported them, but now you can use magnet links with just about any semi-popular torrent client out there—including our favorites uTorrent, Transmission, and Deluge, among others, so you shouldn't notice a problem with that.</div><div><br />
</div><div>The main reason torrent sites are moving toward magnet links—apart from convenience to the user—is that these links (probably) free torrent sites like The Pirate Bay from legal trouble. Since The Pirate Bay won't be hosting files that link to copyrighted content—that is, the torrent files—it's more difficult to claim the site is directly enabling the downloading of copyrighted material. Whether this semantic leap actually protects torrent sites remains to be seen, but for now, you can sleep soundly knowing that the sites will stick around for awhile longer and that your torrents will take one less click to get started. Of course, if you're using a public site like The Pirate Bay, we highly recommend you set up a proxy and encryption service like BTGuard to protect your downloading from prying eyes. If you want to read more about magnet links, check out the Wikipedia page on the subject.</div></div></div></div>V!ralhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03159569525095358102noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-5818215789664531312011-12-29T09:57:00.000+05:302012-05-14T13:50:25.923+05:30UbiSlate 7+ (Upgraded Aakash)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">New Delhi: Disappointed, that you missed the booking of Aakash tab? This piece of news can cheer you up. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Makers of Aakash tablet, Datawind is ready with their new tablet Ubislate 7+ at an expected price of Rs 2999. Unlike Aakash (Ubislate7) which is a student version tab, Ubislate 7+ will be available everywhere and to everyone.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">The upgraded version of Aakash, Ubislate 7+ tab will be available in the Indian market by last week of January, 2012.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Pre-order booking have already started from their website - </span>
<a href="http://ubislate.com/index.html" target="_blank">ubislate.com/</a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Interested buyers can also call on a Toll Free No: 1800.180.2180 for more information.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Check out its configuration below:</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">The UbiSlate7+ is an Android 2.3 touch screen tablet that has a HD video co-processor for a high-quality multimedia experience and core graphics accelerator for faster application support. The Aakash tablet is the only Android device in the market to offer DataWind’s UbiSurfer browser, based on 18 international patents. The UbiSurfer browser accelerates web pages by factors of 10x to 30x, allowing for a web experience who’s speed is unrivalled.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;"></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">The device includes WiFi connectivity and support for optional 3G modems. Two full-sized USB ports are integrated into the unit allowing pen-drives, external keyboards, web-cams, dongles and other inexpensive peripherals to be attached. “Pen drives are a common medium for storing and sharing content in India. They are even used by people that are not computer savvy, for access to music and videos. A full sized USB ports allowing regular pen-drives to be plugged-in is also available as an added advantage over other Tablets.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Pricing</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Rs.2,999</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Microprocessor<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cortex A8 – 700 Mhz</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Battery<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>3200 mAh</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">OS<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> Android 2.3</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;">Network<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>WiFi & GPRS (SIM & Phone functionality)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;"><b>Specification </b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XpDpCmQOpcw/TvvqyTSDjEI/AAAAAAAAAUs/UkGJShnkcBY/s1600/FireShot+Screen+Capture+%2523014+-+%2527specifications_08_jpg+%2528JPEG+Image%252C+758x378+pixels%2529%2527+-+ubislate_com_images_specifications_08.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="350" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XpDpCmQOpcw/TvvqyTSDjEI/AAAAAAAAAUs/UkGJShnkcBY/s400/FireShot+Screen+Capture+%2523014+-+%2527specifications_08_jpg+%2528JPEG+Image%252C+758x378+pixels%2529%2527+-+ubislate_com_images_specifications_08.jpg" width="460" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">UbiSlate 7+ (Upgraded Aakash) Specification<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;"><b><br /></b></span></div>V!ralhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03159569525095358102noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-30691257087461795482011-12-28T18:50:00.002+05:302012-05-14T13:53:35.404+05:30Electronic Tattoo - Epidermal Electronics<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">When doctors need to keep watch on somebody's bodily systems, from the heart beat to the brain's activity, they have to use bulky electronic devices and attach electrodes to the skin with sticky gel. <br />
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This bulky process can be replaced by a new invention called Epidermal Electronic Systems (EES). It is also known as Electronic tattoo. <br />
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This is developed by the researchers of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DSg0r0oMtIo/TvsUOQOKZGI/AAAAAAAAAcA/JalhQZizNMA/s1600/Electronic+Tattoo+-+Epidermal+Electronics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" alt="Electronic Tattoo Circuit" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DSg0r0oMtIo/TvsUOQOKZGI/AAAAAAAAAcA/JalhQZizNMA/s400/Electronic+Tattoo+-+Epidermal+Electronics.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image Source: John Rogers, University of Illinois.</td></tr>
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This device uses micro-electronics technology called an epidermal electronic system (EES) and is said to be a development that will change medical sensing technology, computer gaming and even spy operations. <br />
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The small chip is less than 50 micrometers thick, which is thinner in diameter than a human hair. It is being marketed as a safe and easy way to temporarily monitor the heart and brain in patients while replacing bulky medical equipment currently being used in hospitals. <br />
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It can be applied to skin like a temporary tattoo with the help of water, that’s why it is called electronic tattoo. It is made of water soluble plastics. <br />
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These tattoos stay on just by the attractive forces between the atoms of the tattoo and the atoms of the skin. These attractive adhesion forces are also responsible for things like lizards and bugs walking on walls and ceilings.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fWVUxyGdLSw/TvsVDSgqhPI/AAAAAAAAAcM/OrmmtLoUxsQ/s1600/Electronic+Tattoo+-+Epidermal+Electronics+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" alt="Electronic Tattoo" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fWVUxyGdLSw/TvsVDSgqhPI/AAAAAAAAAcM/OrmmtLoUxsQ/s400/Electronic+Tattoo+-+Epidermal+Electronics+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image Source: John Rogers, University of Illinois.</td></tr>
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Because the tattoos don’t need tape, gel or wires, they’re much less bulky and much more comfortable for patients. <br />
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The circuit bends, wrinkles, and stretches with the mechanical properties of skin. <br />
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The wireless device is almost weightless and requires so little power that it can fuel itself with miniature solar collectors or by picking up stray or transmitted electromagnetic radiation. <br />
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The researchers took continuous measurements successfully for 6 hours and found that there was no irritation or degradation caused when keeping the device on for 24 hours. <br />
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"Our goal was to develop an electronic technology that could integrate with the skin in a way that is mechanically and physiologically invisible to the user." Said by John Rogers, professor in material science and engineering at the University of Illinois. <br />
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When the tattoo was attached to the throat, it was able to detect differences in words such as up, down, left, right, go and stop. So it can be used to control simple computer games also. <br />
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The government can use these tattoos to keep eye on suspicious citizens. <br />
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John Rogers : “It's a technology that blurs the distinction between electronics and biology." </span></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-32270205004012195382011-12-11T17:03:00.002+05:302012-05-14T13:58:47.155+05:30Smart Fabrics - Intelligent Textiles<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Humans are more closer to textiles than anything. The last few decades have shown enormous growth in the development of wireless communication technologies, nanoengineering, information technologies, and miniaturization of electronic devices. We can see this development in textiles or fabrics too.<br />
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You can see people talking about smart or intelligent textiles. But there is a difference between the terms, ‘Smart’ and ‘Intelligent’. Smart materials or textiles can be defined as <b><i>the materials and structures which have sense or can sense the environmental conditions or stimuli</i></b>. While intelligent textiles can be defined as <b><i>textile structures which not only can sense but also can react and respond to environmental conditions or stimuli</i></b>. These stimuli and response can be thermal, mechanical, chemical, magnetic, electric or from other source.<br />
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According to the way of reaction, they can be divided into passive smart, active smart and very smart materials:</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>Passive smart materials</b> can only sense the environmental conditions or stimuli, they are only sensors, they can't react.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"> </span></li>
<li style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;"><b>Active smart materials</b> can sense and also react to the conditions or stimuli.</span><br />
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<li style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><b>Very smart materials</b> can sense, react and adapt themselves according to the environment.</li>
</ol><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">WORKING</span></b></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrOF8bnuGGdM1wItPGYxVxhBDY3z9r0rJFO0JdrTBQg7La8zUfq8Mrt9kb8T58KAbdZoocg0xm97JFkvc5x29RRcs5Dh_szgXQHhN8VqW6mHBLmI9B6pA1VnG0esMBVY3jpOhhU4KlPFBa/s1600/Smart+Fabric.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Smart Textiles and Smart Material" border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrOF8bnuGGdM1wItPGYxVxhBDY3z9r0rJFO0JdrTBQg7La8zUfq8Mrt9kb8T58KAbdZoocg0xm97JFkvc5x29RRcs5Dh_szgXQHhN8VqW6mHBLmI9B6pA1VnG0esMBVY3jpOhhU4KlPFBa/s400/Smart+Fabric.jpg" width="232" /></a></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">There are different circuits embedded with fabric like busses, microcontrollers, Keyboards and touchpads. As you can see in the figure, the microcontroller is directly connected to the square of the fabric. The keypad shown here has been mass-produced using ordinary embroidery techniques and mildly conductive thread.<br />
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There is all-fabric capacitive keyboard awailable too. Keyboards can also be made in a single layer of fabric using capacitive sensing, where an array of embroidered or silk-screened electrodes make up the points of contact. </div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Applications</span></b></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li><b>Temperature Sensitive Fabrics</b><br />
Temperature sensitive fabrics act according to the temperature body. There are many techniques for making such clothes, and one of it is treating the fabric with paraffins. As the body gets hot, the paraffins get more liquid to pass the heat out and as the body gets cold, it gets more solid to keep back heat with the wearer. </li>
</ul></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><b>Health Monitoring Fabrics</b><br />
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Many people have to get regular visits to monitor their health. There are health monitoring fabrics to help them! Wear the Health Monitoring Electronic Wearables and stay free of worries. The clothings enriched with substances like vitamins, algae or nutrients along with other substances to delay ageing or for improving blood circulation or other such benefits are fast becoming popular with the masses.<br />
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These life vests can track heart rate, ECG and body temperature. Now the research results are claiming to have developed a smart fabric that could warn its wearer of allergens, by glowing in response. Some of them can even dial emergency number if they detect a problem! It's called super smart!!</li>
</ul></div><div style="text-align: left;"><ul style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: left;"><li><b>Sports Jacket</b><br />
<br />
It is used to measure the movement of the arm of the sportsman. If you are a cricket fan then you would have known that a bowler can bend his arm upto 15 degrees. So to measure this angle, this kind of jacket is used.</li>
</ul><ul style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: left;"><li><b>Self Cleaning Clothes</b><br />
<br />
Self cleaning clothes can clean the stains of food, dirt and even the red wine by itself! Well this can definitely decrease the use of water, energy and detergents. This kind of clothes uses the invisible and thin layer of titanium dioxide nano particles. It cleans the clothes under the sunlight.</li>
</ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><b style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Comfort Seat</b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Comfort seat is a kind of seat which adjusts itself according to body movements. This sensitive fabric continually monitors body movement at the vehicle occupant’s back and under the legs to achieve optimum comfort and ergonomics<span style="color: black; font-size: small;">.</span></span></li>
</ul><ul style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: left;"><li><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: small;"><b>Smart Shirts</b></span></li>
</ul><div class="" style="clear: both; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpnVFoZH9IlB1AWT1Lf9Dd4OEIm0Ibm8Z-_Dt9HYvhsn5ste6B6qCtvljdVzYvW2uTJa4qeheO4dtZR6hNLdC4Nwjaa7CKUkBD-LxIKgJOx1CDTsY5V5ZXj4yfXFnmAdbTY5G9jyxDs3ZI/s1600/Smart+Shirt.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Smart Shirt" border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpnVFoZH9IlB1AWT1Lf9Dd4OEIm0Ibm8Z-_Dt9HYvhsn5ste6B6qCtvljdVzYvW2uTJa4qeheO4dtZR6hNLdC4Nwjaa7CKUkBD-LxIKgJOx1CDTsY5V5ZXj4yfXFnmAdbTY5G9jyxDs3ZI/s320/Smart+Shirt.JPG" width="269" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;">Smart Shirts are made of soft, washable fabric, woven with optical and electrical fibres into it, the ‘Smart shirt’ monitors the wearer’s heart rate, body temperature, respiration and a host of other vital functions. The information can be relayed wirelessly to doctors or personal trainers.</div></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: left;"></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: left;">Future applications include shirts for parental use to monitor babies and for military use to provide a trapped soldier’s exact location and give support units exact information about wounds.</div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-86366546152612911582011-11-28T19:10:00.000+05:302012-05-13T12:25:40.549+05:305D Technology<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Many of you has watched a 3D movie in theaters. And some of you might have seen a movie in 4D theaters also. You may be more happy to hear that 5D technology is also introduced. Here I will tell you the amazing features of 5D technology.</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Before I move forward to 5D technology, let me give you a brief introduction on 3D and 4D technology. </div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">3D (3-dimentional) is a motion picture that enhances the illusion of depth perception. That means the viewers can experience the difference of distance for two or more objects in the screen. To see a 3D movie, viewer have to wear a special 3D glass. 3D films has been introduced since 1950s. And now a days we see 3D television and 3D mobiles too.</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
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<br />
<br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">4d technology is one step advance to 3D technology. It is a combination of 3D and physical effects. Physical effects are like moving a seat according to scene in the theater. Physical effects occur in synchronization with the film. However one should note that 4D films are not geometrically 4-dimentional. You can find more effects included in 4D film like rain, wind, strobe lights and vibration.</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><b>5D Technology</b></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">5D technology is one step advance to 4D technology. Viewers can experience the effects of 3D, 4D technology. And in addition to that, viewers can experience some more exciting effects too!</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Here are some effects which you can experience in 5D film:</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><ul style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: left;"><li>Rain Effect</li>
<li>Aroma Effect</li>
<li>Bubbles Effect</li>
<li>Snow Effect</li>
<li>Wind Effect</li>
<li>Fog/Smoke Effect</li>
<li> Flash Effect</li>
<li>Thunderstorm Effect</li>
<li>Air Blast</li>
<li>Water Jet</li>
<li>Seat Vibration</li>
<li>Seat Sub Woofer</li>
<li>Neck Blast</li>
<li>Butt Poker</li>
<li>Back Poker</li>
<li>Leg Tickler</li>
<li>Smell Effect (Like fireworks smell, etc)</li>
</ul><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> However, due to lack of standardization, each company uses its own terminology. They can use these effects in a theater and tell it as 4D. And you can find some companies using 6D and 7D also!</div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-23409661794924553802011-11-06T13:54:00.002+05:302012-05-14T14:05:28.278+05:30Get Old Facebook Chat Back<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Facebook has introduced new facebook chat interface. But it is a bit complex and not as good as the old one. Here i will show you how to get old facebook chat back. This trick will work only for firefox, chrome and opera.</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>For that go to the site given below from your browser.<a href="http://www.sidebardisabler.net/" target="_blank"><br />
<br />
Sidebardisabler</a><br />
<br />
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</li>
<li>You will find 'Install Now' button as shown below.</li>
</ul></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_NQ2_NEAFqN1b64PSka2MHafnUGnK2XtAeWzBDeuv0hyDLSjg4SGo12hoQM4oaWNbYYV0ItbmGD4KCWbZ8ueU4n5X2eSPBXrB2qEhwBZqekV0t4j8HZGACHNih6egyNVtrotUIpCu9IIp/s1600/Sidebar+disabler.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" alt="Install Facebook Sidebar Disabler" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_NQ2_NEAFqN1b64PSka2MHafnUGnK2XtAeWzBDeuv0hyDLSjg4SGo12hoQM4oaWNbYYV0ItbmGD4KCWbZ8ueU4n5X2eSPBXrB2qEhwBZqekV0t4j8HZGACHNih6egyNVtrotUIpCu9IIp/s1600/Sidebar+disabler.JPG" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUdfJUlwk9JnQ7xkUmrbF6I5lX_xoWqKU6Tmb18k_RT6q4jCrXVjzRCKUCZnJmS30Q0PpLPFg3uGlwdaMgPNYKizntPaACRXBdVvuqz3iTBgLnPvaOwDzT8LbtpTEuQyG_XvLjQmp-2l3i/s1600/Facebook+old+chat+3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br />
</a></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Click on that button from the browser and install it. After installing, restart your browser.<br />
<br />
</li>
<li>Open facebook after restarting your browser.</li>
</ul></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>After opening facebook, you will see the screen as below.</li>
</ul></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG9yDSXI5lK9PEG959Z3OFzhcvm3pl0FM-kyK7TzzaEmTEhDtbzA8aAppXtXxuNc63eUG-N42n0oxSjtu7yNgXVl0_hEUqmXAZAM-YHTGhwDoRvTQGRM6tmcaGMfOhpN4YP2VPK-yg6wAJ/s1600/Facebook+old+chat+1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" alt="Get old facebook chat back" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG9yDSXI5lK9PEG959Z3OFzhcvm3pl0FM-kyK7TzzaEmTEhDtbzA8aAppXtXxuNc63eUG-N42n0oxSjtu7yNgXVl0_hEUqmXAZAM-YHTGhwDoRvTQGRM6tmcaGMfOhpN4YP2VPK-yg6wAJ/s320/Facebook+old+chat+1.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Select the options as shown in the image. You will get these options selected by default, if not then select it manually as shown in the figure.</li>
</ul></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>And that's it! You will get the old facebook chat as shown in the image.</li>
</ul></div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVp4ZDacLVAut-XeC7-3B4dDfDRIiLafzxTyH2Jl5gUmXh4QJeBy8V6DGxqgDsR3b-Qte3RK3Ex35w-H9q5FPRanCNrki4gPU5XERGL8xqCATEx0EPYkIGu5YpL58d9MCewN8nLMtk95jB/s1600/Facebook+old+chat+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" alt="Get old facebook" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVp4ZDacLVAut-XeC7-3B4dDfDRIiLafzxTyH2Jl5gUmXh4QJeBy8V6DGxqgDsR3b-Qte3RK3Ex35w-H9q5FPRanCNrki4gPU5XERGL8xqCATEx0EPYkIGu5YpL58d9MCewN8nLMtk95jB/s320/Facebook+old+chat+2.JPG" width="299" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">If you like this plz share this with your friends and help them to get old facebook chat back.</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><span id="goog_1589136234"></span><span id="goog_1589136235"></span></div></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-20370506043871832472011-11-05T23:34:00.001+05:302012-05-14T14:07:32.867+05:30Next Generation Networks (NGN)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">A Next-Generation Network (NGN) is the term given to describe a telecommunications packet-based network that handles multiple types of traffic (such as voice, data, and multimedia).</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It is the convergence of service provider networks that includes the public switched telephone network (PSTN), the data network (the Internet), and, in some instances, the wireless network as well.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">According to ITU, "A NGN is a packet-based network able to provide Telecommunication</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> services and able to make use of multiple broadband, </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies."</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
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<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">"It enables unfettered access for users to networks and</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> to competing service providers and/or services of their choice.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> ubiquitous provision of services to users."</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">NGN is IP Centric, Single Converged Network.</span><br />
<b><br />
</b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">The key aspects of NGN:</span></b><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"> It is a Packet-switched IP based network. It may use <a href="http://techbells.blogspot.com/2011/09/ipv6.html" target="_blank">IPv6</a>.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">One network – many services</span>.<br />
<br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It has Support for a wide range of services, applications and mechanisms based on service building blocks (including real time/ streaming/ non-real time services and multi-media).</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It has Broadband capabilities with end-to-end QoS and transparency.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It has interworking with legacy networks via open interfaces.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It offers generalised mobility.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It offers Unristricted access by users to different service providers</span>. <span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">That means one user can have more than one service providers.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It has a variety of identification schemes which can be resolved to IP addresses for the purposes of routing in IP networks.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Unified service characteristics for the same service as perceived by the user.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It offers converged services between Fixed and Mobile networks.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It has independence of service-related functions from underlying transport technologies.</span><br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It offers support of many last mile technologies.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Compliant with all Regulatory requirements, for example concerning emergency communications and security/privacy, etc.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It offers bundling of services. </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Bundling refers to the sale of a number of services combined in a single price package.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Possibility that customers can obtain a single service without taking or paying for the other services in the bundle.</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"><br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">For the client bundling often has the advantage in that prices are lower compared to having to subscribe to each service individually, however customers may not want all the services offered in a bundle.</span><br />
</li>
<li style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">It will end the use of single purpose network. Because NGN is multipurpose network.</li>
</ul><br />
<span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Surely NGN is a kind of network which all users and service providers would love to have.<b><br />
</b></span></div>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7991105767904860663.post-88979318817641392822011-10-18T15:59:00.014+05:302012-05-14T14:11:02.765+05:30Hidden Features of VLC Media Player<span style="font-family:courier new;">VLC media player is very useful media player. It has many features other than playing audio and video. Here are some of them.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<ul><li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Synchronizing Audio and Video</span>.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family:courier new;">This is a very useful feature of vlc media player. We usualy get movie files which doesn't have synchronization between audio and video. Some times audio plays early than video and sometimes audio plays after video. This is very irritating. But VLC has solution for it! It can synchronize it for you.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family:courier new;">To do that go to Tools > Track Synchronization.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family:courier new;">Click on Synchronization tab.</span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">After that as shown in the image you can adjust the playing of audio with respect to video.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9H6neqsSEUcmWL3CGeoAzVwwlO-tQr9fR3bw9Kwy2seQevPxMhcv7UOKwBNAJ9H2W2EJLXYRgkcAjothf8r-CZUXcAyTQeZU_CCutngrCvcj0eAD98Illi5M1BjLw4Gx-4T6tuYsBa5xN/s1600/Sync.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 354px;" alt="Synchronize audio and video using VLC media player" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9H6neqsSEUcmWL3CGeoAzVwwlO-tQr9fR3bw9Kwy2seQevPxMhcv7UOKwBNAJ9H2W2EJLXYRgkcAjothf8r-CZUXcAyTQeZU_CCutngrCvcj0eAD98Illi5M1BjLw4Gx-4T6tuYsBa5xN/s400/Sync.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664789381475082114" border="0" /><br />
<br />
</a></li>
<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Know the Quality of torrent video.</span><span style="font-family:courier new;"><br />
<br />
You can know the quality of the video that you are downloading via torrent. For that you can play the video to know the quality. To do that go to downloads folder in my documents or go to the folder where you are saving your downloading files and play that file via VLC media player. But play it after 25-30% completion of your video.</span><span style="font-family:courier new;"><br />
<br />
You can download pieces in order too! To know how to do that </span><a style="font-family: courier new;" href="http://techbells.blogspot.com/2011/09/download-pieces-in-order.html" target="_blank">click here.</a><br />
<br />
</li>
<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Convert Videos.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family:courier new;">Yes you can convert videos with vlc media player.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family:courier new;">For that go to Media > Advanced Open File. Then you will see the dialogue box as shown in the image.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFWqiTYMTom0ffpIcVN9FnwHft_v_Tj_X9o4MvUSwJ5VqU5nAKuZI5ILEJsJ3nHVbO7w6Czz1f1VMQM-_BRlUIVB3cOuMxOXNRMWc1wLxLQLDOb44SLJoAI0WU1nl0M1aVmYsukAwF1Hx0/s1600/Conv1.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 361px; height: 400px;" alt="Hidden features of VLC media player" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFWqiTYMTom0ffpIcVN9FnwHft_v_Tj_X9o4MvUSwJ5VqU5nAKuZI5ILEJsJ3nHVbO7w6Czz1f1VMQM-_BRlUIVB3cOuMxOXNRMWc1wLxLQLDOb44SLJoAI0WU1nl0M1aVmYsukAwF1Hx0/s400/Conv1.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664796034640124834" border="0" /><br />
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</a><span style="font-family:courier new;">Add the file you want to convert and click on the convert button as shown in figure.</span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFWqiTYMTom0ffpIcVN9FnwHft_v_Tj_X9o4MvUSwJ5VqU5nAKuZI5ILEJsJ3nHVbO7w6Czz1f1VMQM-_BRlUIVB3cOuMxOXNRMWc1wLxLQLDOb44SLJoAI0WU1nl0M1aVmYsukAwF1Hx0/s1600/Conv1.JPG"><br />
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</a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyzn0bDSRZPDdDkJ4B4oNVdWyymd8uG8O2Uqn1LACbgiOyelMqpKiaygXLbbADvyf_6KaSe21QNgCBKy0FII3LlmE7dawz_xXnFEYqCp7Abp4dUOzKLh1mkiOMvNvvMO7jreGZZyqbBtEn/s1600/conv2.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 284px;" alt="Video Converter" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyzn0bDSRZPDdDkJ4B4oNVdWyymd8uG8O2Uqn1LACbgiOyelMqpKiaygXLbbADvyf_6KaSe21QNgCBKy0FII3LlmE7dawz_xXnFEYqCp7Abp4dUOzKLh1mkiOMvNvvMO7jreGZZyqbBtEn/s400/conv2.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664796035876754418" border="0" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family:courier new;">Select the format in which you want to convert the file from the drop down box and click on start.</span><br />
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<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Record Video. Video Cutter.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">You can record video with the help of vlc media player. By using this there is no need of video cutter. For that just go to View > Advanced Controls.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdnFisKt2Yik0VaKarwWiR_SY7qyb8Ud9142c32bQqTk2pRIb45w_7XaTxAy_rJrVJYTahNQC9rv4uAIQAFl3rmQkxFVvLnrdZTSZgwEbPYuJgn3cUbZEb5mcNhDTHYCRN71Hc1qz5doh0/s1600/Record1.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 234px;" alt="Video recorder and video cutter" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdnFisKt2Yik0VaKarwWiR_SY7qyb8Ud9142c32bQqTk2pRIb45w_7XaTxAy_rJrVJYTahNQC9rv4uAIQAFl3rmQkxFVvLnrdZTSZgwEbPYuJgn3cUbZEb5mcNhDTHYCRN71Hc1qz5doh0/s400/Record1.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664802542155816354" border="0" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">After selecting it you can see the button of recording as shown in the image. You can take the snapshots too.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq_ykVidXSgYCclmfZQljxtHhYyIejRFr718oT73mqJkxSs25HTn3wKUU5WlDrt2Tm-p5JIJiZpwOVGZmlALTsQQw3rDpWbx7IwvBbUx5-5Pw5et403l8QD6Poo1ylx0nXEKA6N2IlMW55/s1600/Record2.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 344px; height: 94px;" alt="Take snapshot from the video and capture image from the video" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq_ykVidXSgYCclmfZQljxtHhYyIejRFr718oT73mqJkxSs25HTn3wKUU5WlDrt2Tm-p5JIJiZpwOVGZmlALTsQQw3rDpWbx7IwvBbUx5-5Pw5et403l8QD6Poo1ylx0nXEKA6N2IlMW55/s400/Record2.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664802543261957042" border="0" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">You can open the recorded video in My documents > My videos.</span><br />
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<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Play or Download Youtube Video.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">You can directly play the youtube video in VLC media player. For that go to Media > Open Network Stream.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8nmrb6mskmBD85negByUJliVRNDINigWqOpPElTKVoSxUyXMNkibsgOIe4xRkOflGK3FHz8l3XFuyBciWJvE8V0r91y8AoAIMercCHdrHSb_p1F45RpqQh_mfZBxmOa_UYxmeCuxp8Hzi/s1600/Online+Video1.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 266px; height: 329px;" alt="Play or download online video" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8nmrb6mskmBD85negByUJliVRNDINigWqOpPElTKVoSxUyXMNkibsgOIe4xRkOflGK3FHz8l3XFuyBciWJvE8V0r91y8AoAIMercCHdrHSb_p1F45RpqQh_mfZBxmOa_UYxmeCuxp8Hzi/s400/Online+Video1.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664806093689409186" border="0" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">Paste the url and click on play. You can record it too!</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5aW8ectiqY4gJM4uMKQsZ5AVaZ-Y8cbEmKmyH1Z9BrIl_xe0abx22P118kuJkatkUjiI4cqJ05osskmJHo5RC7eROFP9tM5CRFhWACift__CxIG5H8pNSJ47VGG0QbmK8Ap3iasoC5KxW/s1600/Online+Video2.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 392px;" alt="Play or download youtube video"src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5aW8ectiqY4gJM4uMKQsZ5AVaZ-Y8cbEmKmyH1Z9BrIl_xe0abx22P118kuJkatkUjiI4cqJ05osskmJHo5RC7eROFP9tM5CRFhWACift__CxIG5H8pNSJ47VGG0QbmK8Ap3iasoC5KxW/s400/Online+Video2.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664806094053623810" border="0" /><br />
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<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Audio and DVD Ripping.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">You can rip dvd and audio cd. For that go to media > Open Disc. Then select the type of your cd and click on convert. After selecting the type of output format click start.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSLoPQlutT389z57LjNGdFlJG8M2_0PTYIgXLNaIqIxVy3atl4aE2uBoNn1C1-43wya2DOZGJ1PPKfSqUUv9ckuDe8kaedozFtvaWaLMrRg0spP1eqGKxOgYp_9FKHl1qiXf8ODGEL7J-W/s1600/RIP.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 359px; height: 400px;" alt="Audio and DVD ripping" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSLoPQlutT389z57LjNGdFlJG8M2_0PTYIgXLNaIqIxVy3atl4aE2uBoNn1C1-43wya2DOZGJ1PPKfSqUUv9ckuDe8kaedozFtvaWaLMrRg0spP1eqGKxOgYp_9FKHl1qiXf8ODGEL7J-W/s400/RIP.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664808692507195234" border="0" /></a><br />
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<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Play Video Stored in the Rar file.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">VLC can play video stored in the rar file. For that open the RAR file in VLC media player. If the video is split into many rar files then VLC can play it too!</span><br />
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<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >ASCII Mode.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">You can play video in ascii mode. For that goto Tools > Preference. In the video tab, select the colour ASCII mode in the output as shown in the image.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd68vqFxPlTnJwKJPzbnghxbyKBRVQkXqqJ9_OxPpkjyhNCK5pymDlYkjdRfFuS8oKlv30_65kpgEx1ho6H7tG1oKEIQR95VnFj3GVWd8GKPJuTileSgBjjwPc6AvUmj3-X6qPVvBv3YRd/s1600/ASCII.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 225px;" alt="Play Video in ascii mode" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd68vqFxPlTnJwKJPzbnghxbyKBRVQkXqqJ9_OxPpkjyhNCK5pymDlYkjdRfFuS8oKlv30_65kpgEx1ho6H7tG1oKEIQR95VnFj3GVWd8GKPJuTileSgBjjwPc6AvUmj3-X6qPVvBv3YRd/s400/ASCII.JPG" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5664815107474738098" border="0" /></a><br />
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</li>
<li><span style=" font-weight: bold;font-family:courier new;" >Play online radio.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family:courier new;">You can play online radio via VLC media player. For that </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background- ;font-family:Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;color:white;" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#222222;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 21px;"><span style="font-family:courier new;">go to Media > Services Discovery > Shout Cast Radio Listings. Now you can open playlist and play radio.</span><br />
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</ul>Taranghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17244942224580392035noreply@blogger.com0